I frequently get questions from listeners traveling to Europe, curious about fly fishing opportunities in Italy, France, Austria, and Switzerland. I've never fished there and don't have any answers, so I reached out to Miha Ivanc [40:52] of Kyrka River Lodge in Slovenia, who has fished all through the Alps. In the podcast you'll learn where to fish, what species to expect (like their native marbled trout), how to fish for them, and where to get permission to fish. It should be an eye-opener to most of us.   In the Fly Box this week, we have some particularly interesting questions, including:

• Can I use flies for ice fishing?
• I mostly fish lakes and am having problems on streams.  With long casts I get drag and with shorter casts I worry about spooking fish.  What should I do?
• Can I work downstream with a streamer and then work back up through the same water with a dry dropper?
• Is there a risk in tippet material breaking down in sunlight when it is on a tippet holder exposed to the sun?
• I see people catching trout on worms but I can't seem to fool them on flies.  What am I doing wrong and do you have any tips?
• Is it legal to raise jungle cock for feathers in the US, and is anyone doing it?
• A listener corrects me on a statement I made regarding using molted feathers from songbirds to tie flies.
• Do you have any tips for traveling to Chile to fish at Magic Waters?
• If I see water striders and small baitfish in a pool, does that mean there won't be any larger trout there?
• How much life can I expect from a leader I made myself?
• Can I tell the difference between wild and hatchery trout by looking at them?
• I can't seem to catch more than two trout from any one pool.  What am I doing wrong?

Jessica Strickland [38:07] is Trout Unlimited's California Inland Trout director and is an expert on the historical and curent range of this rare trout species. Where do they live today as compared to their original range? Can you still fish for them, and do you need to hike for many miles or are they more acessible close to a trailhead? You'll learn the answer to these questions and many more in this interview.

In the Fly Box this week we have some great questions, including:

For Colorado and Oklahoma trout fishing, should I get a 5-weight, 4-weight, or 3-weight rod?

Is there a rule for overlining a trout rod when it is longer than 9 feet?

Can I Spey cast with a single-handed rod?

The welded loop on my running line broke. What is the best way to make a new loop to attach it to my head?

Do you have any tips for catching stocked rainbow trout after they have been in the river for a while?

A great suggestion from a listener on how to educate other anglers from walking on trout redds.

My felt soles have not been working well. Are there different grades of felt on wading boots?

 What are the guidelines for tipping a guide?

When bushwacking should you carry your rod with the tip pointed forward or back? Can I leave the legs off small nymphs? I have trouble tying them in.

Can I tie a small fly on a bigger hook?

What are your tips for winter fishing in the Northeast?

Brant Oswald [23:20] is a veteran guide, teacher, and fly shop operator with over 40 years in the business.  He's one of the best spring creek anglers I know and guides on them almost every day, so I asked him to come up with some tips on better spring creek techniques.  Even if you never fish spring creeks, his tips really apply to any slow or low water situations so these tips will be valuable to any trout angler.   In the Fly Box this week, we have the usual great tips and questions, including:

• I have an old, heavy bamboo rod. I can't reel heavy enough to balance it. Is the balance between a rod and reel weight really that important?
• I am frustrated with fish eating my strike indicator. Should I tie a big egg pattern to act as a strike indicator?
• A suggestion for making a great cat toy out of old flies (with the hook cut off!) and a question about the use of cat hair in tying flies.
• What is the proper way to prevent drag? Should I mend my entire line or just the leader?
• A tip from a listener on how to keep fly line from wrapping around your rod tip.
• A tip from a listener on the best way to hang up your waders for the season.
• Why do waders often fail at the junction between the bootie and the upper?
• I just bought a drift boat and want to learn how to row. Should I hire a guide to take lessons on rowing?
• How do trout behave when the water gets higher and dirtier?

I get regular questions from people about getting a job in the fly-fishing industry, both in the podcast mailbox and in person at shows and store visits. It's a tough question and I don't have all the answers so I called upon my buddy Kirk Deeter [35:04], who as founding publisher of Angling Trade magazine and currently editor of Trout magazine, along with many other jobs in the industry, is the consummate fly-fishing insider. He talks about the joys and the pitfalls of looking for a job in this tiny niche. I think he has some great tips to share, whether you are a young kid looking for a first job or a seasoned veteran of another industry looking for a more rewarding career.   In the Fly Box this week, we have some helpful tips, including:

• How should I treat CDC feathers I got from a friend who hunts waterfowl?
• A listener asks why people who write into the Fly Box don't just go out and try the things they are asking about.
• A spooky Halloween story from a listener
• How do I avoid a size 12 dry fly twisting on a 6X tippet?
• What is the best Orvis rod for hopper fishing on western rivers?
• Can I keep my fly rods set up all season?  Do I need to wax the ferrules?
• How can I do a better job of hooking trout on a downstream cast?
• Am I missing something by not using tapered leaders when fishing for bass and panfish?
• If a 6X leader makes a size 12 fly twist, why don't we just use 1X and 2X leaders on all of our flies, down to a size 24?
• How can I get a single nymph down into deep, fast water without using split shot?
• Would a longer rod help keep my Clouser Minnows from hitting the rocks behind me on my back cast?
• I have a 5-weight rod and want to fish for bass, carp, and suckers.  Should I get a 6-weight or a 7-weight rod?

 

Barry Ord Clarke [50:21] is one of the world's most popular fly tiers, through his books, videos, and web site.  Originally from the UK but living in Norway, Barry keeps his pulse on the world of fly tying on both sides of the Atlantic.  He discusses the fly patterns developed in North America that Europeans have embraced, and also details the history of some well-known and lesser-known European patterns and techniques that you may not have heard about.  It's a good way to get a broad overview of the international fly-tying community.   In the Fly Box this week, we have a short interview with bassist Daniel Kimbro [37:18] on a music festival he is organizing for flood relief in East Tennessee, and also some great tips and questions, including:

• How do I keep my fly line from wrapping around my rod when I am tying on a new fly?
• A listener is looking to add a 7-weight rod for bass fishing and throwing trout streamers and looks for advice.
• Can I use a 6-weight sinking or sink-tip line on both my 5-weight and 7-weight rods?
• Do you know of any good fly-fishing books for a 6-year-old?  And what is the best first saltwater fly-rod fish for kids?
• Is there a difference between Zonker strips and Rabbit strips?
• Why have I gotten occasional bite-offs from large brown trout?  
• Do you have any tips for casting wiggle-tails?  I have trouble casting them.
• Do you think eyes make a difference on pike flies?
• Can I legally keep songbird feathers that I find under my bird feeders?
• A tip for using toothpicks at the fly-tying bench.
• When tying a clinch knot, does it matter if you twist the fly or wind the tag end around the standing part?
• Any tips for the bow-and-arrow cast?
• How many more casts should you make in a small pocket if you miss a fish?
• Would it be unethical to target swarms of trout during spawning season?
• A listener gives a tip for tying a clinch knot at the bend of a hook to attach a dropper.
• If I move a trout on a streamer but do not connect, does it make sense to come back for that fish later in the day?

Did you know you can catch trout and tarpon in the same trip, along with exotic jungle species?  I didn't either, but Kevin Jackson [42:22] of Fly Fish Costa Rica shares with us the wide variety of fly fishing you can have in this diverse and well-preserved ecosystem. And also the rare wildlife you might see in this country that offers saltwater, jungle, and mountain trout fishing.   In the Fly Box this week, we have some great questions and hopefully answers that will help many of you solve the same problems in your fishing, including:

• I keep getting accused of "flossing" Pacific salmon when fly fishing for them but I see them aggressively take my flies.  What are your thoughts on this?
• What purpose does dubbing serve on a dry fly?  Does it add buoyancy?
• A listener thanks us for the podcast on knots and also on our support of policies to address climate change .
• I recently opened a box of my grandfather's tackle from 1944 that includes a bamboo rod, gut leaders, flies, and a silk fly line.  Should I use them?
• What sort of performance should I expect from the new Orvis Superfine bamboo fly rod?
• What impact will the recent disastrous floods in North Carolina have on the future of fly fishing?
• I want to purchase a vintage Orvis bamboo fly rod.  Would one be a reliable fishing tool?
• When I switch dry flies, should I be more concerned with size, pattern, or color?
• What can I do to prevent the unnatural curves in saltwater flies after they are used?
• My brother and I were using the same streamer in a slow-moving river.  I caught a bunch of fish and he didn't but I was casting my streamer at a different angle to the current.  Do you think this made the difference? 

Tom is on a fishing trip this week. While on this trip he learned his friend and legendary fly-fishing author, John Gierach had passed away at 78. In his honor Tom asked me to post his last intervew with John from May of last year and to share this with all of you:

"John Gierach was one of the finest voices in fly fishing. He passed away suddenly last week. Always humble and kind, his writing never reached into navel gazing but he just told great, honest, and funny stories and like all great writers he never wasted a word. I once had the pleasure of spending a week sharing a cabin with him in Labrador and he was exactly the man in person that he was in his writing. We will all miss him greatly."

Here is the show descrption from May 19, 2023

Our climate is changing, and regardless of whether you think it's human caused or natural it is changing. If you don't believe that you need to get outside more. John Gierach [58:00], thoughtful guy that he is, wanted to tal.k about this subject and how he deals with changes that have happened in his lifetime, and what we can all do to deal with climate change and still enjoy fly fishing, because as he says "we still gotta live" and to some of us fly fishing is life. I

n the Fly Box this week we have lots of questions, many of them quite basic but still fun to answer because you can always give them a new twist.

What is the best rig to catch trout with worms? (I hope he meant worm flies and not real worms)

What can I do to keep my Depth Charge line from tangling?

I am moving to Texas and want one rod for inland bass and one for inshore saltwater. Is there one outfit that can do this?

Am I better off buying one high-end rod or several lower priced rods if I fish in a variety of trout situations?

Can you overline bamboo and fiberglass fly rods?

I have a dog that likes to chase rocks and sticks.

Any tips on how to train a dog to be a good fishing companion?

 Is there any way to tell a trout rise from a chub rise?

I am confused by fly line numbers and hook numbers. Can you explain them?

What do fish deep in a lake take my Pat's Rubber Legs fished quickly? What do the fish think it is?

 How do you fish your Rabbit's Foot Emerger patterns?

What do I do with my rod when tying on a new fly or landing a fish?

Is there a better knot than a clinch knot for tying on size 18 to 22 flies?

My welded loop has cuts in it. What can I do to fix that?

What kind of dry/dropper arrangement do you use when there is nothing visibly hatching?

A good tip from a listener on walking the banks of your favorite rivers in low water to get a sense for the bottom structure.

Can you tell the difference between a male and female trout by looking at the anal fin?

 

 

We keep hearing that fly fishing is good for your mental health. It gets you out in the natural world, involves problem solving, and keeps you active and moving throughout the day (unless you sit in a drift boat watching a bobber). But is it always good for your mind? Are there times when fly fishing can make your mood worse, and are there things you can do to make sure a day on the water is good for you?  I discuss this, and play devil's advocate a bit, with Melissa Ceren [35:20], who is both a fly-fishing guide and a licensed therapist. We had a fun conversation and I hope you enjoy it.   In the Fly Box this week, we have some great questions from listeners, including:

• If I break a section of a rod, why won't a section from a different rod fit it?  Are the diameters different in different types of rods?
• Are there benefits to fishing nymphs without an indicator?
• When fishing, are you more likely to change the fly size up or down if the one you're using is not working?
• Am I missing some flexibility by not carrying two rods when wade fishing?
• What is the best way to fish for a trout that lives under a bridge?
• When I get a tangled mess I usually cut everything off and re-tie.  Should I be carrying a safety pin to untangle my leader?
• I am having problems with drag when fishing straight upstream.  Do you have any tips to help this?
• I keep foul-hooking small brook trout when using a dry dropper.  Why does this happen and what can I do to avoid it?
• I accidentally dropped my fly box in the river.  I don't see any rust on them, but should I throw all of them out?
• What is "attitude" when discussing the choice of dry flies?
• What is your current recommendation on the noise created by studded boots or metal wading staffs?
• I have gone on 8 saltwater fly-fishing trips and have been skunked on 6 of them.  It's a combination of bad guides and bad weather.  What can I do to avoid this?
• What is the best way of getting my fly off a branch if I don't want to wade in and spook the pool?

I have long enjoyed Robert Ketley's [31:06] column in California Fly Fisher magazine because he often delves deeply into aspects of fly fishing that we don't pay much attention to. And he's a tireless researcher. So when I noticed a deep dive he did on fly-fishing knots using a microscope I knew I had to get him on the podcast. You won't learn about which knot is best, but you will learn about why knots hold and why they break, how to tie a knot properly, and what happens when a knot gives way.   In the Fly Box this week, we have some unusually good questions, including:

• Will the 10-foot 7-weight Helios D rod offer me enough tippet protection when using 5X for steelhead?
• My local wild trout stream has almost dried up this year.  Where do the fish go, and how long until this stream can recover?
• When wading deep, when I pick up the line and cast I notice I make waves in the water.  How can I eliminate this?
• When swinging wet flies in a tight stream I need to use a roll cast, but how do I make another roll cast after my flies complete their swing?
• I see fish on the bottom of a spring creek but I can't catch them using my tight line technique.  What do you think I am doing wrong?
• I was scolded by an outfitter when I changed direction when fighting a big fish.  He said it will wear a hole in their mouth and they will get off.  Was I doing it wrong?
• Can I go from a 4X leader with a tippet ring to a 7X tippet?  Will not having tapered sections in there be bad?
• I don't have much finger dexterity and have trouble saving my tippet scraps.  Do you have any suggestions?
• A listener reminds us that in lakes in Maine that are listed as fly fishing only, it is illegal to troll a fly.
• When trolling a fly from my canoe, how can I get my fly deeper?
• Which be the best Helios rod for fishing the Henry's Fork?

Who owns the banks of a river? Who owns the bottom? Who owns the water that flows through a channel?  And what defines whether a river is navigable or not? There are often no easy answer to theses questions, and much of it is determined on a state-by-state basis. Beau Beasley [35:27] has spent years looking at specific cases of access controversies, and some of you may not like what he says because he often comes down on the side of a landowner who prohibits access to a piece of river.  But Beau looks at the facts and the law and approaches these issues in an objective manner.  It's a fascinating discussion.   In the Fly Box this week, we have some comments, a bunch of tips, and some tricky questions, including:

•  Will I find steelhead in the same places I find resident rainbows?
• How much time do you spend swinging a run for steelhead before moving on?
• A listener makes a case for the positive cost/benefit ratio of fishing with a guide.
• How much can a fly rod bend before breaking?
• Do trout seem to have an affinity for one color of nymph over another?
• How long does a frightened fish stay spooked?  And do hatchery fish differ from wild fish in this respect?
• If you use a barbless hook on a two nymph rig and attach the bottom fly to the bend, how do you alleviate the problem of losing the lower fly and tippet?
• Do you fish a streamer in the same way you would fish a spinning lure?
• How can I get smaller nymphs down into very deep, fast pockets in a river?
• What would I consider the best roll-casting rod Orvis makes?
• Do you have any tricks for hooking fish on a direct downstream presentation?

Panfish are easy to find and catch in the spring and early summer. But later in the season, not so much.  Panfish are still around, but we need to look for them in different places and use modified techniques. Bart Lombardo [33:40] is an expert on all things panfish, and he gives us his secrets for finding and catching these delightful fly-rod targets as we approach late summer and fall.   In the Fly Box this week, we have a healthy assortment of tips and questions from listeners, including:

• A suggestion from a listener on a way to spot small dry flies if you have trouble seeing them on the water
• Do you ever fish under bridges?  Is it worth it?
• When tying in palmered hackle, what is the point in tying hackles in tip-first?
• What is your philosophy for selecting a dry fly when using a dry/dropper rig?
• I recently caught some nice fish on the edges of strong whirlpools.  Have I been missing something, and what suggestions do you have for fishing this kind of water?
• If trout aren't actively feeding in higher water temperatures, what difference does it make if we stop fishing at 68 degrees?
• I fish two different streams and the fly size recommendations for each one is different.  Why such a discrepancy?
• What knots do you suggest for tying a 65-pound fluoro shock tippet to a 20-pound class tippet for pike?
• Do you think construction a half mile upstream of a spot has scared all the trout away?
• Is it OK to move the fly when you mend?  Is it OK to mend when fishing a dry fly?
• Should you come in from the top of the eye or from the bottom when tying a knot to your fly?
• I am only catching smaller smallmouth bass in a spot.  How can I find the bigger ones?