Doctors often get credit (or blame) for having to make difficult, life-and-death decisions. But really, it is all of us, when we are patients, who make the bravest decisions that carry the highest stakes.

I have long followed the work of Dr. Margaret McCartney. She is a general practitioner in Glasgow, Scotland, writer, public speaker, and now PhD.

She is a fierce advocate for evidence-based medicine. She holds highly skeptical views of screening for disease—which, to my surprise is quite common in the UK.

Her recently finished PhD sought empirical evidence regarding declaration of conflicts of interest in the UK. Here is a link to the document. Screening for atrial fibrillation is a focus of this work.

Here is a link to her PubMed listing.

We had a nice conversation about all things evidence and conflicts. I learned a lot about the health system in the UK. As an added bonus, Dr. M is also an avid cyclist.

As always, thank you for your support of Sensible Medicine. This support allows us to bring medical content free of industry advertising. JMM

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I had the pleasure of being interviewed by Michael Easter. Michael is behind the TWO/PERCENT Substack where he offers “practical, accurate, and useful health, performance, and mindset information.” I’ve listened to, and read, a bunch of Michael’s content. Not only is it enjoyable but it seems, well, sensible. Our conversation was inspired by my Coming Out Against the Healthy Lifestyle post.

I hope you enjoy our conversation and maybe find another substack to follow.

Adam Cifu

Sensible Medicine is a reader-supported publication. If you appreciate our work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.

Our conversation covers:

* Why Adam wrote the post and the rise of the cult of the healthy lifestyle.

* The benefits, realities, and limits of adopting healthy lifestyle changes.

* How the belief that all health can be improved with better diet and exercise can lead patients to wrongly believe they are responsible for all of their health issues.

* Why criticism of modern medicine is on the rise.

* How “medical reversal” highlights the need for evidence-based practices.

* The rise of longevity and why many longevity practices often lack robust evidence.

* Why personalized healthcare is essential for effective treatment.

* Problems with over-medicalization.

* How finding the right doctor can be a challenging process.

What does our philosophy have to do with RFK Jr and MAHA?

4 mistakes people make in systematic reviews

The woman with palpitations.

The man with whom you used to joke and trade barbs who now sits silently, absent, while you talk to his wife.

The woman whose depression dominates every visit; her depression being the one problem she refuses to address.

The man whose joy and charisma makes every visit an absolute pleasure, despite his painful disability about which you can really do nothing.

The man who never complains. Well, not never. The two times he did complain he ended up with emergent bypass surgery and a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia.

The woman whose concerns are always uninterpretable. You wonder if the problem is your lack of cultural competence, that her language skills prevent her from articulating her problem, or maybe that her ineloquence keeps her from even knowing what she is experiencing.

The woman who asks how you are doing because she recognizes that caring for her, with her dreadful prognosis, is hard.

The man who, forever unsatisfied with his health, never accepts your advice, dismisses consultants, yet never misses a visit, praises you as the greatest doctor, and brags about you to his friends.

The man whose world is spinning.

The healthy 27 year old who is sure that her tension headaches are from a brain tumor.

The man who berates the front desk staff, makes inappropriate remarks to the medical assistant, and has made racist comments to your nurse, but in the exam room – alone with you -- is the perfect gentleman.

The man who laughs when you pull down his sock to examine his edema and a wad of cash and a dime bag of cocaine fall on the floor.

The 75-year-old daughter who accompanies her 95-year-old mother to visits. You know that the older woman’s death will liberate and devastate the younger woman.

The man who always exaggerates his symptoms because he is terrified by his own mortality and worries that he won’t be taken seriously.

The woman who seemed impossible when you first met her but now brings you joy when the urgent care doctor calls and asks, “How have you taken care of this lady for 15 years?”

The woman who doesn’t seem to like you and never seems to trust your opinion but, after 20 years, refers her daughter to you.

The woman with six years of dyspnea and no diagnosis.

The man you agree to see after he was “fired” by a colleague. His care, and your relationship with him, become an inspiring, and even rewarding challenge. He fires you after a year.

The woman whose relapses, lies, and prescription forgeries angered and exhausted you for a decade now sits in a wheelchair, caregiver by her side, vacant.

The woman who comes to see you for a new patient visit because her husband, your former patient, insisted that she start seeing you after he died.

The man who hanged himself three weeks after he saw you. He had complained of fatigue.

The man who apologizes because he sees it has been difficult for you to give him the news about his recent scan.

The woman with painless jaundice.

The patient who fires you, deservedly, because you made a rookie mistake.

The man who brightens your day when you see him on the schedule but honestly, if you didn’t know him, you would probably move to the next train car if he got on.

The patient you secretly hoped would change doctors and then, when she does, you feel bad that you failed her.

The man who steps off the scale, places a thick wallet, two rings of keys, and a Glock on the exam table before getting back on the scale.

The man who wrote a thank you note that he had his wife mail to you after his death.

The man who fought you until the end, always wanting more treatment, even after every doctor told him we had nothing left to offer.

The woman whose diagnosis you could never make, until you got a pretty good idea of it ten years after she died.

The man who just has a cold.

This podcast is one of three we will be posting to answer the questions that came to us in response to this post. We had a nice set of questions so we will certainly be doing it again.