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Ben Franklin's World

Ben Franklin's World

Liz Covart

  • 20 minutes 58 seconds
    BFW Bonus: We Want More History

    American history is in the news a lot these days. We see and hear about fights over monuments, textbooks, and the stories we should include or exclude from our museums and historic markers.

    What these stories overshadow is the great demand for more history in the United States. A coalition of historians and history organizations noticed this demand and decided to feed it by organizing a new initiative: A We Want More History weekend, which takes place September 25-27.

    In this bonus episode, we’re joined by Beth English, the Executive Director of the Organization of American Historians, and Kate Masur, the John D. MacArthur Professor of History at Northwestern University. The guest historians share more about the origins of the national, coordinated weekend of history programs, how we can get involved, and where to find more information.

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    18 September 2026, 5:00 am
  • 1 hour 5 minutes
    451 The Court-Martial That Put The American Revolution on Trial

    In December 1777, Continental Army Colonel David Henley climbed off his horse to discipline a drunk British prisoner of war who was screaming epithets about Americans and vowing to fight for his king. Henley struck the prisoner, one of 6,000 in his care, with his sword.

    The wound was minor, but Major General John Burgoyne cited this incident when he accused Henley of plotting to murder British prisoners of war. Burgoyne demanded a formal court-martial.

    Professor Timothy Breen joins us to examine Henley’s trial with details from his new book, The American Revolution on Trial. Timothy asks a question most grand narratives of the American Revolution skip past: What did it actually feel like, in real towns among real people, to stop being British? What did it mean to be American?

    Timothy’s Book

    Show notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/451

    EPISODE OUTLINE

    00:00:00 Introduction

    00:04:43 The 250th Anniversary and the Limits of Grand Narratives

    00:09:31 How Timothy Found the Henley Court-Martial Transcript

    00:13:26 Major General John Burgoyne and Aristocratic Privilege

    00:23:00 Competing Ideas of Honor During the Revolution

    00:29:53 Inside the Cambridge Prisoner of War Camps

    00:36:23 The Two Incidents that Led to the Court-Martial

    00:45:25 The Verdict and What Happened Next for Henley and Burgoyne

    00:48:37 How Early Americans Judged the Revolution and the New Nation

    00:53:41 What Happened to the British and German POWs in Cambridge

    RECOMMENDED NEXT EPISODES

    🎧 Episode 048: Dangerous Guests: Enemy Captives During the War for Independence

    🎧 Episode 122: The Men Who Lost America

    🎧 Episode 374: The American Revolutionary War in the West

    🎧 Episode 414: Robert Newburgh’s Trials: Queerness & Reputation in Revolutionary America

    🎧 Episode 434: The Frank Brothers: Freeborn Black Soldiers in the American Revolution

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    15 September 2026, 5:00 am
  • 51 minutes 37 seconds
    BFW Revisited: The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution

    What caused the American Revolution?

    Taxation without representation? Colonies that had outgrown their dependence on the British Empire? Or something harder to see: a quarrel about power itself and about what a government may rightly do to the people it governs?

    In 1967, Bernard Bailyn published The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution, a book he built out of more than 400 pamphlets, and one historians have been arguing with ever since.

    In this revisited conversation from Episode 152, Professor Bailyn explains why he never accepted a purely economic explanation for the Revolution, where the revolutionaries' ideas actually came from, and why colonists rationally concluded that the British government was concealing a conspiracy against their liberties.

    Bernard Bailyn’s Wikipedia Page | Book |

    Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/152

    RECOMMENDED NEXT EPISODES

    🎧 Episode 294: 1774: The Long Year of American Revolution

    🎧 Episode 311: Religion and the American Revolution

    🎧 Episode 307: History and the American Revolution

    🎧 Episode 325: Everyday People of the American Revolution

    🎧 Episode 407: Patrick Henry

    🎧 Episode 434: The Frank Borthers: Freeborn Black Soldiers in the American Revolution

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    8 September 2026, 5:00 am
  • 1 hour 8 minutes
    450 Whose Revolution? The Delaware and the War for Independence

    In December 1776, a Delaware Chief named White Eyes stood before the Second Continental Congress. He had not come to declare himself a revolutionary, nor had he come to pledge his loyalty to King George III. White Eyes came to test a promise.

    What does the American Revolution look like to people for whom independence was never a question? For the Delaware, also known as the Lenape, the War for Independence raised older and harder questions:

    Whose word could be trusted? What choices can we make about whether to fight, stay neutral, or flee that might let our community remain itself on the land we know?

    Jeremy Johnson, Cultural Education Director for the Delaware Tribe of Indians, traces Lenape and Delaware history from long before European contact through the American Revolution. He also introduces us to the September 1778 Treaty of Fort Pitt, the first treaty the United States made with a Native Nation and which promised a 14th Native state.

    Delaware Tribe of Indians’ Website

    Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/450

    EPISODE OUTLINE

    00:00:00 Introduction

    00:02:35 The Lenape Experience of the American Revolution

    00:07:56 Lenape History and Indigenous Origin Stories

    00:10:52 Diplomacy in Lenape Traditions

    00:15:32 Evolution of Lenape Diplomacy Through European Contact

    00:20:00 The Walking Purchase of 1737

    00:24:55 Lenape Experiences of the Seven Years' War

    00:32:13 Lenape Participation in Pontiac's Rebellion

    00:37:17 The Delaware and the American Revolution

    00:46:32 Negotiating the Treaty of Fort Pitt

    00:50:16 The Hope for Delaware Sovereignty

    00:52:53 The Delaware People & America's 250th

    01:00:02 Time Warp

    01:02:41 Resources

    RECOMMENDED NEXT EPISODES

    🎧 Episode 163: The American Revolution in North America

    🎧 Episode 264: The Treaty of Canandaigua

    🎧 Episode 286: Elections in Early America: Native Sovereignty

    🎧 Episode 323: American Expansion and the Political Economy of Plunder

    🎧 Episode 397: Native Nations: A Millennium in North America

    🎧 Episode 449: Stealing America: Indigenous Enslavement & the American Revolution

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    1 September 2026, 5:00 am
  • 1 hour 23 minutes
    BFW Revisited: The Brafferton Indian School, Part 1

    In 1723, the College of William & Mary opened the Brafferton building, a permanent home for an Indian School the college had been chartered to run and struggled to fill for its first 30 years. The premise of the Brafferton: take Native boys and strategically teach them in ways that would make them more useful to the British Empire.

    So what actually happened inside the Brafferton Indian School?

    In this revisited episode, the first of a two-part series, our three guests investigate why the Brafferton School existed, how the English filled Brafferton with students even as Native families refused to send their children, and what the Indigenous students did with the knowledge the English taught them.

    We’ll also explore how a school built on a colonial college campus during the reign of King George I connected to schools like the Carlisle School, which were still separating Indigenous children from their families in the 1950s.

    Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/367

    RECOMMENDED NEXT EPISODES:

    🎧 Episode 158: The Revolutionaries' Army

    🎧 Episode 290: The World of the Wampanoag, Pt. 1

    🎧 Episode 291: The World of the Wampanoag, Pt. 2

    🎧 Episode 353: Women and the Making of Catawba Identity

    🎧 Episode 368: The Brafferton Indian School, Part 2: Legacies

    🎧 Episode 449: Stealing America

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    25 August 2026, 5:00 am
  • 1 hour 32 minutes
    449 Stealing America: Indigenous Slavery and the American Revolution

    More than half a million Indigenous people were enslaved within the present-day borders of the United States.

    Historian Linford Fisher spent fifteen years in archives across North America, the Caribbean, and Britain to investigate this forgotten history. What he found was not a second story running alongside African slavery. It was something different in kind. Europeans and early Americans enslaved people who lived on land they intended to possess. This practice made slavery a tool of dispossession.

    The American Revolution is where this process accelerated. Lin and LorΓ©n Spears, a Narragansett tribal citizen and the executive director of the Tomaquag Museum, trace how the Revolution opened space for captive raiding on the western frontier, how Native nations weighed which side to take during the war, and how their Stolen Relations digital project is recovering the names of the Natives early Americans enslaved.

    Lin’s Website | Book |

    Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/449

    EPISODE OUTLINE

    00:00:00 Introduction

    00:01:23 The Declaration's Overlooked Grievance Against Indigenous People

    00:02:29 The Other Revolutionary War

    00:03:20 Investigating the Hidden History of Indigenous Enslavement

    00:07:07 Uncovering the Scale of Indigenous Enslavement

    00:13:43 Building Stolen Relations Through Archival and Tribal Collaboration

    00:20:51 Decolonizing Archival Records

    00:30:40 Connection Between Indigenous Enslavement & Land Dispossession

    00:33:53 How Native Nations Navigated the American Revolution

    00:37:16 From Colonial Experimentation to Revolutionary Expansion

    00:41:15 How the American Revolution Expanded Indigenous Slavery

    00:45:20 How Indigenous Nations Weighed Neutrality, Alliance, & Survival

    00:52:51 The Declaration of Independence's Impact on Indigenous Communities

    01:01:10 The Treaty of Paris, 1783 and the Continuation of Indigenous Dispossession

    01:03:51 The Uncertain End of Indigenous Enslavement

    01:11:59 Commemorating the American Revolution Through Indigenous History

    01:24:36 Revolution to Freedom Through Indigenous Sovereignty

    RECOMMENDED NEXT EPISODES

    🎧 Episode 163: The American Revolution in North America

    🎧 Episode 264: The Treaty of Canadaigua

    🎧 Episode 323: American Expansion & the Political Economy of Plunder

    🎧 Episode 367: The Brafferton Indian School, Part 1

    🎧 Episode 368: The Brafferton Indian School, Part 2

    🎧 Episode 406: Threads of Power

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    18 August 2026, 5:00 am
  • 1 hour 18 minutes
    BFW Revisited: American Expansion & the Political Economy of Plunder

    The Declaration of Independence proclaimed that all men are endowed with the unalienable rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

    But what did liberty and equality mean for the peoples the Declaration never namedβ€”the Ojibwe, Odawa, and Potawatomi nations who had governed the vast Great Lakes homeland they called Anishinaabewake for generations before a single European sailed its waters?

    In this revisited conversation, historian Michael Witgen, Professor of History at Columbia University and a citizen of the Red Cliff Band of Lake Superior Ojibwe, takes us inside the Anishinaabe world and reveals how the new United States set about transforming it.

    The answer, Witgen shows us, wasn't simple conquest. It was something more elaborate, more profitable, and in some ways more insidious: what he calls the political economy of plunderβ€”a system engineered to strip Indigenous peoples of their homelands while funneling the wealth of that dispossession directly into the settler colonial economy.

    Michael's Website | Book

    Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/323

    RECOMMENDED NEXT EPISODES

    🎧 Episode 051: A History of Early Detroit

    🎧 Episode 064: Native American Slavery in New France

    🎧 Episode 163: The American Revolution in North America

    🎧 Episode 223: A Native American History of the Ohio River Valley & Great Lakes Region

    🎧 Episode 286: Native Sovereignty

    🎧 Episode 310: History of the Blackfeet

    SUPPORT OUR WORK

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    11 August 2026, 5:00 am
  • 45 minutes 48 seconds
    448 The Declaration of Independence as American Scripture

    The engrossed copy of the Declaration of Independence is on display at the National Archives building in Washington, DC. Millions of visitors flock to see it and the other Charters of Freedom. But how did it end up there and why do people approach it with religious reverence?

    In this episode, we explore how the Declaration took on its symbolic role as the founding text of the United States.

    Pauline's Book

    Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/403

    EPISODE OUTLINE

    00:00:00 Introduction

    00:06:30 Introducing Mary Beth Norton

    00:07:17 American Scripture: Pauline Maier

    00:10:00 Graduate School with Pauline Maier

    00:13:36 The State of Historians' Thinking in the 1990s

    00:15:23 Other Declarations of Independence

    00:21:08 Thomas Jefferson's Drafting of the Declaration

    00:23:44 Why Create a Parchment Copy of the Declaration?

    00:28:24 How the Declaration Became American Scripture

    00:30:32 The Impact of American Scripture

    00:32:10 Situating the Declaration in the American Revolution

    00:35:39 The Role of the Parchment Copy Today

    00:40:12 Closing Thoughts on Pauline Maier

    RECOMMENDED NEXT EPISODES

    🎧 Episode 141: A Declaration in Draft

    🎧 Episode 155: Pauline Maier's American Revolution

    🎧 Episode 294: 1774: The Long Year of Revolution

    🎧 Episode 325: Everyday People of the American Revolution

    🎧 Episode 415: The Many Declarations of Independence

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    4 August 2026, 5:00 am
  • 53 minutes 43 seconds
    BFW Revisited Threads of Power

    For the Haudenosaunee, the Six Nations People, the American Revolution brought not liberty, but land loss, displacement, and the dismantling of their world. The new United States seized land from Haudenosaunee nations regardless of which side they supported during the Revolution. And yet the Haudenosaunee survived, and Haudenosaunee women are central to this story.

    In this revisited episode, Maeve Kane, Associate Professor of History at the University at Albany and author of Shirts Powdered Red, reveals how Haudenosaunee women used cloth, trade, and cultural creativity as tools of sovereignty and survival across three centuries of colonial pressure.

    Maeve's Website | Book |

    Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/406

    RECOMMENDED NEXT EPISODES

    🎧 Episode 021: Smuggling in Colonial America & Living History

    🎧 Episode 163: The American Revolution in North America

    🎧 Episode 223: A native American History of the Ohio River Valley & Great Lakes Region

    🎧 Episode 264: The Treaty of Canandaigua

    🎧 Episode 353: Women and the Making of Catawba Identity

    SUPPORT OUR WORK

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    28 July 2026, 5:00 am
  • 1 hour 1 minute
    447 The Other Committee Members: Robert R. Livingston, Roger Sherman, and the Declaration of Independence

    Five men served on the Continental Congress’s Declaration Committee. We know three of them well: Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, and Benjamin Franklin. But who were the other two?

    In this episode, we explore the lives and contributions of Robert R. Livingston of New York and Roger Sherman of Connecticut.

    Historians Geoff Benton and Michael Morand join us as we uncover the stories of the other Committee members.

    Clermont State Historic Site: Website

    Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/447

    EPISODE OUTLINE

    00:00:00 Introduction

    00:04:46 The Lee Resolution and the Committee of Five

    00:05:26 Robert R. Livingston's Early Life

    00:06:56 Colonial New York Politics

    00:11:02 Livingston's Appointment to the Second Continental Congress

    00:15:20 Why Livingston Chosen for Declaration Committee

    00:18:44 Livingston's feud with John Adams

    00:19:18 Livingston Misses the Vote for Independence

    00:20:50 Livingston Becomes Chancellor of New York State

    00:24:06 Livingston's Role in Steam Navigation

    00:26:15 Clermont State Historic Site

    00:32:35 Roger Sherman's Early Life

    00:36:47 Sherman's Family and Life in New Haven

    00:37:43 Sherman's Involvement in the Imperial Crisis

    00:40:38 Sherman's Role in the Second Continental Congress

    00:42:28 Why Sherman Chosen For Declaration Committee

    00:43:42 Sherman's Role in Drafting the Declaration

    00:46:16 The Connecticut Compromise, 1787

    00:50:28 What Made Sherman Effective in Legislatures

    00:53:47 1776 in Context

    00:58:10 Conclusion

    RECOMMENDED NEXT EPISODES

    🎧 Episode 141: A Declaration in Draft

    🎧 Episode 193: Partisans: The Friendship and Rivalry of Adams & Jefferson

    🎧 Episode 245: Celebrating the Fourth of July

    🎧 Episode 277: Whose Fourth of July?

    🎧 Episode 415: The Many Declarations of Independence

    🎧 Episode 439: When the Declaration of Independence Was News

    SUPPORT OUR WORK

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    *Book links are affiliate links. Every purchase supports the podcast.

    21 July 2026, 5:00 am
  • 1 hour 20 minutes
    BFW Revisited: A Declaration in Draft, 2026

    Every American knows Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence, but was he really its sole architect?

    In this revisited episode, we sit down with three scholars to pull back the curtain on how the Declaration came to be written. Danielle Allen of Harvard University, Patrick Spero of the American Philosophical Society, and Peter Onuf of the University of Virginia reveal that the Declaration was never one man's work.

    Together, they show how John Adams β€” not Jefferson β€” was the intellectual architect behind "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." How Benjamin Franklin changed the Declaration with just four or five surgical edits. And what the Second Continental Congress cut from Jefferson's original draft, including his striking grievance blaming King George III for the international slave trade.

    Originally recorded in 2017 as part of Ben Franklin's World's Doing History to the Revolution series, this episode pairs with Episode 446 and Episode 447 to mark the Declaration's 250th anniversary.

    Danielle’s Website | Book

    Patrick's Website | Book

    Peter's Website | Book

    Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/141

    RECOMMENDED NEXT EPISODES

    🎧 Episode 018: Our Declaration

    🎧 Episode 440: Jefferson's Cut Grievance

    🎧 Episode 443: How Independence Happend, Pt 1: The Lee Resolution, 1776

    🎧 Episode 444: How Independence Happened, Pt 2: The Model Treaty

    🎧 Episode 445: How Independence Happened, Pt 3: Articles of Confederation

    🎧 Episode 446: The Declaration of Independence at 250

    SUPPORT OUR WORK

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    πŸ‘‰ https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/quiz

    LISTEN 🎧

    🍎 Apple Podcasts

    πŸ’š Spotify

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    CONNECT

    πŸ¦‹ Liz on Bluesky

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    πŸ›œ Liz’s Website

    SAY THANKS

    πŸ’œ Leave a review on Apple Podcasts

    πŸ’š Leave a rating on Spotify

    *Book links are affiliate links. Every purchase supports the podcast.

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    14 July 2026, 9:00 am
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