This podcast will give you an approach to using probiotics in paediatric population. In this episode, listeners will go through the following: define probiotics and describe how they may benefit children, identify clinical situations where probiotic use is supported by evidence, recognize the limitations and risks associated with probiotics in paediatrics, and apply evidence-based guidance when considering probiotics in common clinical scenarios.

An author of this podcast has financial support from Baxter Corporation.

This PedsCases episode will review the Canadian Paediatric Society Position Statement from November 2022, "Acute complications in children with sickle cell disease: Prevention and management". By the end of this podcast, listeners will be able to 1) understand how to prevent mortality and morbidity associated with SCD, 2) recognize and manage the common complications of SCD, and 3) know the basic principles of transfusion for patients with SCD. Today's episode was created by Audrey Slater, a fourth-year medical student at the Université de Montréal, in collaboration with the authors of the CPS statement, including Dr. Carolyn E. Beck, a hospitalist pediatrician at SickKids hospital, Dr. Evelyne D. Trottier, a pediatric emergency physician at CHUSJ, Dr. Melanie Kirby-Allen, a haematologist at SickKids Hospital, and Dr. Yves Pastore, a haematologist at CHUSJ.

There are no conflicts of interest to disclose by the authors.

This podcast will discuss the CPS Statement on Managing Newborns at Risk for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS)/Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome (NOWS): Updates and Emerging Best Practices. This Podcast was created Lauren Wilkinson, a second-year medical student at Queen's University, andDr. Astrid Guttmann, a pediatrician at SickKids Hospital. This PedsCases podcast focuses on an overview of managing newborns at risk for neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) or neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS).

There are no conflicts of interest to disclose by the authors.

This podcast will give you an approach to Dysmorphic Features. In this episode, listeners will be able to identify dysmorphic features and explain their significance, discuss salient aspects in the history and physical exam, generate a basic differential diagnosis for a child with dysmorphic features, outline key investigations, and lastly, discern the criteria for an appropriate referral to genetics. The podcast was created by Evelyn Armour, a 3rd year medical student at the University of Alberta, in collaboration with Dr. Melissa MacPherson, a medical geneticist from the University of Alberta.

There are no conflicts of interest to disclose by the authors.

This podcast will discuss an Approach to Dehydration in Children. This Podcast was created by Catherine Korman, a fourth-year medical student at McGill University with the help of Dr. Preetha Krishnamoorthy, a Pediatric Endocrinologist at the Montreal Children's Hospital and the Director of Pediatric Undergraduate Education at McGill University and Dr. Robert Sternszus, a Hospitalist Pediatrician and an Associate Professor of Pediatrics and Health Sciences Education at McGill University. This PedsCases podcast focuses on an overview of approach to dehydration including management.

There are no conflicts of interest to disclose by the authors.

This PedsCases episode will provide you with an approach to altered level of consciousness (ALOC). By the end of this podcast, listeners will learn how to define ALOC, identify investigations and management for common causes of ALOC. This podcast was developed by Kennedy Lewis, a medical student from the University of Saskatchewan, in collaboration with Dr. Mackenzie Simpson.

There are no conflicts of interest to disclose by the authors.

This PedsCases episode will provide you with an approach to common benign neonatal dermatoses. By the end of this podcast, listeners will be able to 1) define and describe the clinical presentation of some benign neonatal dermatoses, specifically erythema toxicum neonatorum, neonatal milia, and harlequin color change, 2) explain the underlying etiology and pathophysiology of these benign neonatal skin findings, 3) review key differential diagnoses and appropriate management strategies, and 4) counsel caregivers effectively and confidently about these normal neonatal conditions. This episode was created by YuQi Wu, a medical student at the University of British Columbia, in collaboration with Dr. Allison Gregory, a dermatologist practicing at BC Children's hospital.

There are no conflicts of interest to disclose by the authors.

This PedsCases episode will give you an approach to bronchiectasis in children. By the end of this podcast, listeners will be able to 1) define bronchiectasis and explain the pathophysiology, 2) identify common causes and risk factors for pediatric bronchiectasis, 3) describe the common presenting features of bronchiectasis, 4) describe the diagnostic approach, including imaging findings on high-resolution CT and key laboratory investigations, and 5) outline the principles of management. Today's episode was created by Lauren Wilkinson, a second-year medical student at Queen's University, in collaboration with Dr. Mahmoud Sakran, a pediatrician at Lakeridge Health in Ontario.

There are no conflicts of interest to disclose by the authors.

This podcast will discuss Scoliosis. This note was created by Sahaj Puri, a third year medical student at McMaster University. This episode was created in collaboration with Dr. Selvakumar, a general pediatrician at McMaster University. This PedsCases podcast focuses on an overview of approach to scoliosis, including management.

There are no conflicts of interest to disclose by the authors.

This podcast discusses encephilitis. The episode was developed by Emily Kacer, first-year pediatrics resident at the McMaster University, in collaboration with Dr. Brandon Meaney, Division Head of Pediatric Neurology and an Associate Professor of Pediatrics at McMaster University. Together, they define encephalitis and identify the common infectious and autoimmune causes in pediatric population, discuss an approach to diagnosing encephalitis, compare it with meningitis, review some of the potential long-term complications of encephalitis.

There are no conflicts of interest to disclose by the authors.

This podcast discusses primary ciliary dyskinesia. The episode was developed by Sahaj Puri, a third-year medical student at the McMaster University, in collaboration with Dr. Kevan Mehta, a pediatric respirologist from McMaster University. Together, they define primary ciliary dyskinesia and explain the pathophysiology underlying this condition, list key symptoms that a child with primary ciliary dyskinesia may present with, describe an approach to diagnosing primary ciliary dyskinesia, describe a differential diagnosis for a child with with recurrent pulmonary infections, and lastly describe key management principles of primary ciliary dyskinesia.

There are no conflicts of interest to disclose by the authors.