Please enjoy this encore while the team is out on vacation.

When satellites burn up upon re-entering Earth’s atmosphere, they release particles and gases, including metals like aluminium, which may affect atmospheric chemistry. This process, known as atmospheric ablation, is still poorly understood, but early evidence suggests metal content in the atmosphere is rising. To address these uncertainties, the UK Space Agency commissioned three targeted studies to investigate the potential impacts of satellite re-entry. We spoke to Professor Minkawn Kim from the University of Southampton about his findings.

You can hear the Professor’s chat with Maria from 2024 here.

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Selected Reading

Beyond the burning: researching and implementing policy solutions for sustainable debris ablation

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You can learn more about AWS in Orbit at ⁠space.n2k.com/aws⁠.

Our guests on this episode are Rebecca Meads, Senior Solutions Architect at AWS, Chris Dowin, VP of Engineering at Pole Star Defense, and Tim Durmish, Director of DevOps at Pole Star Global.

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Selected Reading

⁠AWS Aerospace and Satellite⁠

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This week on our Deep Space episode, we look forward to the return of Artemis II as we take a look toward the future of space manufacturing on our interview segment. At the time of recording, the crew of Artemis II was heading back to earth.

Maria speaks with ⁠⁠Alastair McGibbon⁠⁠, Head of Semiconductors at ⁠⁠Space Forge⁠⁠, about the growing role of low Earth orbit in advanced materials manufacturing. They explore why microgravity enables higher-performance semiconductor production, what problems space-based fabrication can solve for terrestrial supply chains, and how companies like Space Forge are working to scale orbital manufacturing into a viable industrial platform. Learn more about ⁠⁠Space Forge's work⁠⁠.

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On this Deep Space episode, we share our ⁠NEXUS segment⁠, where ⁠Parker Wishik⁠ of the ⁠Aerospace Corporation⁠ interviews ⁠Brandon Bailey⁠, also from Aerospace, and Kassandra Vogel, ⁠Blue Origin⁠’s Director of Cybersecurity Governance, Risk, and Compliance. They discuss space cybersecurity priorities, emerging threats, and industry collaboration, giving a great look at how the industry protects its missions. We also celebrate the historic Artemis 2 launch on April 1st, sending astronauts Reid Wiseman, Victor Glover, Christina Koch, and Jeremy Hansen toward the moon and receiving their official go for Trans-Lunar Injection—a milestone for human spaceflight and international collaboration.

Resources:

• Learn more about SPARTA from Aerospace Corporation 
• Read a recent SPARTA update readme from Medium
• Aerospace’s SPARTEND Integrates Space-Cyber Threat Knowledge with Autonomous Detection

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On this Deep Space episode, we share a conversation host ⁠Maria Varmazis⁠ had with ⁠Dr. Gabrielle Caswell at SpaceCom in January about Spaceport Australia, the spaceport that she owns, but if you can believe it, owning and running a spaceport is still barely scratching the surface of what she's working on. You can learn more on Gabrielle's website.

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On this Deep Space episode, host Maria Varmazis speaks with Jeff Carr, who is President of the Griffin Communications Group. They discuss Jeff's and his family's storied space careers. Jeff shares his thoughts on the parallels between the US and the space program in 1968 with Apollo 8, and with the upcoming Artemis 2 mission in 2026.

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You too can reach the most influential leaders and operators in the industry. Here’s our ⁠⁠⁠⁠media kit⁠⁠⁠⁠. Contact us at ⁠⁠⁠⁠[email protected]⁠⁠⁠⁠ to request more info.

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On this Deep Space episode, host Maria Varmazis catches up with friend Tim Gagnon aka KSCartist and Susie Morris, Tim's long-time creative collaborator at A-B Emblem while at SpaceCom. Everyone loves a patch in aerospace, stick em on board or on your flight jacket, hand them out at meetups or conferences, buy em at your favorite space store, who doesn't love a space patch. And Tim and Susie talked to me about what goes into this unique and very beloved art form. 

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You too can reach the most influential leaders and operators in the industry. Here’s our ⁠⁠⁠media kit⁠⁠⁠. Contact us at ⁠⁠⁠[email protected]⁠⁠⁠ to request more info.

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Please send your pitch to ⁠⁠⁠[email protected]⁠⁠⁠ and include your name, affiliation, and topic proposal.

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In this special Reporter’s Notebook, Maria Varmazis⁠⁠⁠⁠, host here at N2K CyberWire, takes listeners behind the scenes of our three-part series on Cyber Coalition 2025 in Tallinn, Estonia. After exploring real-time incident response, cross-border coordination, and the broader stakes of collective cyber defense, this episode offers a more personal, behind-the-scenes look at how the reporting came together.

Hosted by the NATO Cooperative Cyber Defense Centre of Excellence, the exercise brought together allied military, government, and industry teams inside NATO’s secure cyber range. Here, Maria reflects on moments that didn’t make the final cut — the atmosphere inside the facilities, the pace of covering a live exercise, and the small, human details that added texture to the larger story.

If you haven’t yet, be sure to listen to all three episodes of the series to hear the full story from the ground at Cyber Coalition 2025.

Episode one can be found ⁠⁠here⁠⁠.

Episode two can be found ⁠here⁠. 

Episode three can be found ⁠⁠here⁠⁠. 

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Happy International Women's Day! On this episode, Maria Varmazis caught up with ⁠Khalia Padilla, CEO at Imagine Engine, to discuss investing in optical space technologies and going global during Commercial Space Week 2026. She discusses two projects backed by Imagine Engine: one developing an optical transceiver that bridges radio-frequency and optical signals, supported by a NASA grant, and another building a modular, maneuverable satellite in collaboration with students from Lehigh University using similar RF-to-optical modulation techniques. And, more.

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You too can reach the most influential leaders and operators in the industry. Here’s our ⁠⁠media kit⁠⁠. Contact us at ⁠⁠[email protected]⁠⁠ to request more info.

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In the final installment of our three-part series on ⁠Cyber Coalition 2025⁠⁠, ⁠⁠Maria Varmazis⁠⁠⁠, host here at N2K CyberWire, and ⁠⁠⁠Liz Stokes, CyberWire Producer, step back from the cyber range to reflect on what their time in Tallinn really meant. This episode moves beyond the mechanics of the exercise and into the broader stakes of collective cyber defense in an increasingly uncertain geopolitical moment.

Recorded two months after their visit, the conversation blends field tape and personal reflections — from standing outside the Russian Embassy in Old Town to recalling the weight inside NATO’s secure facilities. Estonia’s history, including the 2007 cyberattacks, and its visible solidarity with Ukraine underscore just how real and proximate the risks remain.

Be sure to check out the first two episodes of this three part series, you can find them below.

Episode one can be found ⁠here⁠.

Episode two can be found here.

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On this episode, Maria Varmazis caught up with Troy Morris, co-founder and CEO of KMI, during Commercial Space Week 2026. Troy recaps KMI's busy 2025 highlighted by an ISS demonstration that returned after over 200 days of testing, during which astronaut Suni Williams and crew helped evaluate a larger arm system designed to capture unprepared objects as a “tow truck for space.” And, more.

Remember to leave us a 5-star rating and review in your favorite podcast app.

Be sure to follow T-Minus on ⁠LinkedIn⁠ and ⁠Instagram⁠.

Want to hear your company in the show?

You too can reach the most influential leaders and operators in the industry. Here’s our ⁠media kit⁠. Contact us at ⁠[email protected]⁠ to request more info.

Want to join us for an interview?

Please send your pitch to ⁠[email protected]⁠ and include your name, affiliation, and topic proposal.

T-Minus is a production of N2K Networks, your source for strategic workforce intelligence. © N2K Networks, Inc.

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