The China-Global South Podcast

Eric Olander

<p>A weekly discussion on Chinese engagement in the developing world from the news team of The China-Global South Project (CGSP). Join hosts Eric Olander in Vietnam and Cobus van Staden in South Africa for insightful interviews with scholars, analysts, and journalists from around the world. You'll also get regular updates from CGSP's editors in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East.</p>

  • 38 minutes 53 seconds
    U.S.–China Competition in Latin America: Ports, Power, and Politics

    Long neglected by the United States, Latin America is now on the frontlines of the global contest with China. Washington's new National Security Strategy made it clear that the U.S. must remain the unrivaled hegemonic power in the Western Hemisphere, something it can't do so long as China is the largest trading partner for most Latin American countries.

    The U.S. is particularly unnerved by the scale of Chinese infrastructure development across the region and the fact that it's becoming a major investor, particularly in larger countries like Brazil.

    Former Chilean ambassador to China Jorge Heine, now a non-resident fellow at the Quincy Institute, joins Eric to discuss why this competition is accelerating and whether "active non-alignment" remains a viable strategy in this new era of geopolitical competition.

    📌 Topics Covered in this Episode

    • The intensifying U.S.–China rivalry in Latin America
    • Washington's push to block Chinese infrastructure projects
    • Strategic battlegrounds: ports, telecom cables, and digital connectivity
    • How Latin American countries are balancing competing pressures
    • The concept of "active non-alignment" in today's geopolitical climate
    • Why China remains an indispensable economic partner for the region

    Join the Discussion:

    X: @ChinaGSProject | @eric_olander

    Facebook: www.facebook.com/ChinaAfricaProject YouTube: www.youtube.com/@ChinaGlobalSouth

    Now on Bluesky! Follow CGSP at @chinagsproject.bsky.social

    Follow CGSP in French and Spanish:

    Join us on Patreon! Become a CGSP Patreon member and get all sorts of cool stuff, including our Week in Review report, an invitation to join monthly Zoom calls with Eric & Cobus, and even an awesome new CGSP Podcast mug! www.patreon.com/chinaglobalsouth

    31 March 2026, 6:55 pm
  • 27 minutes 13 seconds
    The Chinese Kingpin at the Center of Cambodia's Crackdown on Scammers

    The Cambodian government is leading a massive, unprecedented crackdown on the scamming business that once accounted for an estimated one-third of the country's GDP. For the past six months, heavily armed security forces have raided scam centers across the country and arrested more than 6,000 in the first couple months of the year.

    The campaign began last fall when the United States issued a criminal indictment against Chen Zhi, a multi-billionaire Chinese national who built a vast empire in Cambodia that included a huge network of scam compounds that generated a staggering $30 million a day.

    Huang Yan, a Chinese journalist based in Southeast Asia, is among a small group of international journalists covering every detail of the ongoing crackdown against scam centers. Huang joins Eric from Bangkok to discuss why the fall of Chen Zhi was so important and what it reveals about the outsized role that Chinese actors are playing in this saga.

    📌 Topics Covered in this Episode

    • Cambodia's scam crackdown: reality vs. narrative
    • Chinese kingpins behind the networks
    • Life inside scam compounds
    • The Chen Zhi case and global pressure
    • Why the industry persists
    • Where the scams are moving next

    Show Notes:

    Join the Discussion:

    X: @ChinaGSProject | @eric_olander

    Facebook: www.facebook.com/ChinaAfricaProject YouTube: www.youtube.com/@ChinaGlobalSouth

    Now on Bluesky! Follow CGSP at @chinagsproject.bsky.social

    Follow CGSP in French and Spanish:

    Join us on Patreon! Become a CGSP Patreon member and get all sorts of cool stuff, including our Week in Review report, an invitation to join monthly Zoom calls with Eric & Cobus, and even an awesome new CGSP Podcast mug! www.patreon.com/chinaglobalsouth

    24 March 2026, 11:46 pm
  • 31 minutes 30 seconds
    It's Already Too Late to Break China's EV Battery Dominance

    U.S., European, and Japanese leaders are all talking about the urgency of building new supply chains to end their reliance on China for critical minerals and batteries that will power next-generation mobility, technology, and weapons. It all sounds great and makes for good politics at home, but the reality is that China's dominance of these vital supply chains is so big and still growing that it will be nearly impossible to close the gap anytime soon.

    Zeyi Yang, a senior writer covering technology and business at Wired, recently detailed this phenomenon in a cover article for the magazine about how "Chinese EV batteries are eating the world." Zeyi joins Eric to discuss why it's going to be so difficult for the rest of the world to match China's near-total dominance of this increasingly vital sector.

    📌 Topics Covered in this Episode

    • China's 80% dominance in EV batteries
    • Why Chinese firms are expanding globally
    • Key players like CATL, BYD, and Goshen
    • Expansion into Europe and Southeast Asia
    • Local tensions over the environment and labor
    • Batteries as a strategic energy resource

    Show Notes:

    Join the Discussion:

    X: @ChinaGSProject | @eric_olander

    Facebook: www.facebook.com/ChinaAfricaProject YouTube: www.youtube.com/@ChinaGlobalSouth

    Now on Bluesky! Follow CGSP at @chinagsproject.bsky.social

    Follow CGSP in French and Spanish:

    Join us on Patreon! Become a CGSP Patreon member and get all sorts of cool stuff, including our Week in Review report, an invitation to join monthly Zoom calls with Eric & Cobus, and even an awesome new CGSP Podcast mug! www.patreon.com/chinaglobalsouth

    17 March 2026, 5:50 am
  • 37 minutes 6 seconds
    View From Beijing: Why China is Not Protecting Iran

    Conservative media outlets and think tank analysts in the United States have sharply criticized China for what they say is Beijing's failure to support its supposed "allies" in Venezuela and Iran. Their arguments have gained traction on X and other social media platforms, where critics portray China as an unreliable partner that avoids confrontation, especially with the United States.

    Other analysts dispute that interpretation. Scholars such as Evan Feigenbaum of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace argue the criticism rests on a flawed assumption: that China's relationships with countries like Iran resemble the formal alliance commitments the United States maintains with its partners. In reality, Beijing's partnerships carry no comparable security guarantees.

    In a recent Foreign Policy article, Wang Zichen, deputy secretary-general of the Beijing-based Center for China and Globalization, pushes back against these critiques. He outlines China's strategic priorities and explains why Beijing is unlikely to offer the kind of security commitments that define U.S. alliances.

    Zichen joins Eric to discuss why China structures its global relationships differently—and why Beijing has little intention of acting as a security patron for partners like Iran.

    📌 Topics Covered in this Episode

    • Why U.S. critics say China is abandoning its partners
    • Why China does not treat Iran or Venezuela as formal allies
    • The difference between U.S. alliances and Chinese partnerships
    • How China's domestic priorities shape its foreign policy
    • Why Beijing avoids acting as a global security guarantor
    • What this debate reveals about U.S. and Chinese strategic thinking

    Show Notes:

    Join the Discussion:

    X: @ChinaGSProject | @eric_olander

    Facebook: www.facebook.com/ChinaAfricaProject YouTube: www.youtube.com/@ChinaGlobalSouth

    Now on Bluesky! Follow CGSP at @chinagsproject.bsky.social

    Follow CGSP in French and Spanish:

    Join us on Patreon! Become a CGSP Patreon member and get all sorts of cool stuff, including our Week in Review report, an invitation to join monthly Zoom calls with Eric & Cobus, and even an awesome new CGSP Podcast mug! www.patreon.com/chinaglobalsouth

    11 March 2026, 7:57 am
  • 38 minutes 20 seconds
    Is China Building a New World Order?

    China has launched a series of global governance and trade initiatives over the past decade that have sparked concern in U.S. and European capitals about whether Beijing is seeking to displace the Western-led international order. The so-called "5Gs" include the Global Governance/Security/Development/Civilization/AI Initiatives, along with the BRI, SCO, AIIB, and numerous other Chinese-initiated programs, all of which seem to suggest that China is, in fact, building a parallel international governance architecture to replace the post-WWII institutions.

    But Joel Ng, senior fellow and head of the Centre for Multilateralism Studies at the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore, offers a different interpretation. He argues that China's new governance initiatives are not primarily designed to replace the existing international order. Instead, Beijing is using them as instruments to advance its own more narrowly defined strategic interests.

    Joel joins Eric to discuss the new book he edited, The Dragon's Emerging Order: Sinocentric Multilateralism and Global Responses.

    📌 Topics Covered in this Episode:

    • What "Sinocentric multilateralism" actually means
    • Whether China is creating parallel institutions to the UN system
    • The role of BRICS and other emerging multilateral platforms
    • Why many Global South countries find China's initiatives attractive
    • How China's global governance ideas differ from U.S. alliance systems
    • What could happen if the United Nations weakens or collapses financially

    Join the Discussion:

    X: @ChinaGSProject | @eric_olander

    Facebook: www.facebook.com/ChinaAfricaProject YouTube: www.youtube.com/@ChinaGlobalSouth

    Now on Bluesky! Follow CGSP at @chinagsproject.bsky.social

    Follow CGSP in French and Spanish:

    Join us on Patreon! Become a CGSP Patreon member and get all sorts of cool stuff, including our Week in Review report, an invitation to join monthly Zoom calls with Eric & Cobus, and even an awesome new CGSP Podcast mug! www.patreon.com/chinaglobalsouth

    10 March 2026, 2:29 am
  • 1 hour 13 minutes
    Who Controls the Battery Age? Congo, China, and the New Resource Order

    The U.S., Japan, and other G7 countries are scrambling to secure critical minerals to end their reliance on Chinese-controlled supply chains. Every week, there's news of another mining deal for cobalt, lithium, and other resources essential to powering 21st century technology.

    But the race to control critical resources may already be over. Decades before countries in the Global West recognized the importance of these minerals and metals, China quietly built out a vast network of mining and refining operations.

    Nicholas Niarchos, author of the new bestselling book "The Elements of Power: A Story of War, Technology, and the Dirtiest Supply Chain on Earth," joins Eric & Géraud to discuss the history of the battery metal competition and why China's early moves in this space may have given it an insurmountable lead.

    📌 Topics Covered in this Episode:

    • Why everyone sees the critical minerals supply chain differently and who's missing the full picture
    • The making of "The Elements of Power" — one journalist's journey from Greece to Congo
    • Artisanal mining, child labor, and the political ecosystem keeping it alive
    • How China built its Congo mining empire over 30 years while the West looked away
    • The Sicomines "Deal of the Century" and what it revealed about Chinese strategy
    • Small Chinese traders, violence, and the uneasy coexistence on Congo's mining frontier
    • Indonesia, Western Sahara and the global pattern of extractive exploitation
    • Why the US critical minerals push may already be too little too late

    Show Notes:

    • Purchase a copy of The Elements of Power: A Story of War, Technology, and the Dirtiest Supply Chain on Earth: https://a.co/d/0g8xV4n8

    Join the Discussion:

    X: @ChinaGSProject | @eric_olander | @christiangeraud

    Facebook: www.facebook.com/ChinaAfricaProject YouTube: www.youtube.com/@ChinaGlobalSouth

    Now on Bluesky! Follow CGSP at @chinagsproject.bsky.social

    Follow CGSP in French and Spanish:

    Join us on Patreon! Become a CGSP Patreon member and get all sorts of cool stuff, including our Week in Review report, an invitation to join monthly Zoom calls with Eric & Cobus, and even an awesome new CGSP Podcast mug! www.patreon.com/chinaglobalsouth

    5 March 2026, 1:58 pm
  • 30 minutes 49 seconds
    The Iran War Looks Very Different From China

    The United States and Israel have launched strikes on Iran, killing Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei and triggering a full-scale war in the Middle East. As the region descends into conflict, a fascinating debate has emerged about what this means for China: from the surge in Chinese defense stocks and weapons export opportunities, to the collapse of Beijing's landmark Saudi-Iran diplomatic agreement.

    Is this a strategic disaster for China, or does the chaos actually create unexpected openings?

    Andrea Ghiselli, research director at The ChinaMed Project and a lecturer in international politics at the University of Exeter, joins Eric to discuss the stark differences in how this conflict is discussed in China and in the Global West.

    📌 Topics Covered in this Episode:

    • The US-Israel strikes on Iran and the death of Supreme Leader Khamenei
    • Why Chinese defense stocks surged to a 10-year high on the Shanghai Stock Exchange
    • The "ally" myth: why China was never going to militarily defend Iran
    • The collapse of China's landmark Saudi-Iran diplomatic détente
    • Asymmetric warfare — why Iran's cheap drones may outlast America's expensive missiles
    • China's energy security: oil stockpiling strategy and Strait of Hormuz exposure
    • US munitions depletion and what it means for a potential Taiwan scenario
    • What to watch in Chinese discourse if the Islamic Republic faces collapse

    Show Notes:

    • The ChinaMed Project: How Chinese Experts are Reacting to the American-Israeli Strikes on Iran by Andrea Ghiselli: https://tinyurl.com/mr439hdp
    • The China-Global South Project: "Win or Lose, America Loses": Chinese Analyst Says Trump's Iran Gamble Will Hand Beijing a Strategic Victory by Han Zhen: https://tinyurl.com/484p6bbn
    • The China-Global South Project: Chinese Nationalist Voices Dismissed Online After Iran Strike Defies Predictions by Han Zhen: https://tinyurl.com/bdenrfyd

    People to Follow Reference in this Episode:

    • @GeringTuvia, analyst at Planet Nine, a non-resident fellow at the Atlantic Council's Global China Hub
    • @EvanFeigenbaum, vice president for studies at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace

    Join the Discussion:

    X: @ChinaGSProject | @eric_olander

    Facebook: www.facebook.com/ChinaAfricaProject YouTube: www.youtube.com/@ChinaGlobalSouth

    Now on Bluesky! Follow CGSP at @chinagsproject.bsky.social

    Follow CGSP in French and Spanish:

    Join us on Patreon! Become a CGSP Patreon member and get all sorts of cool stuff, including our Week in Review report, an invitation to join monthly Zoom calls with Eric & Cobus, and even an awesome new CGSP Podcast mug! www.patreon.com/chinaglobalsouth

    3 March 2026, 1:24 am
  • 34 minutes 4 seconds
    U.S. Wants China Out of Latin America. Is that Even Possible?

    The Panamanian government formally took over the two ports operated by Hong Kong-based CK Hutchison this week at both ends of the Panama Canal. U.S. officials celebrated the move as part of their larger effort to expel China from the Western Hemisphere.

    Washington has now set its sights on the Chinese-owned Chancay mega port in Peru.

    But given the extent of Chinese engagement in Latin America, most notably the fact that the region does more than half-a-trillion dollars of trade annually with China, is it even possible for the U.S. to expel the Chinese?

    Pedro Armada, a Panama City-based risk consultant who closely follows the U.S.-China rivalry in Latin America, joins Eric to discuss what happens next following the expulsion of CK Hutchison from the canal zone and what it means for the rest of Latin America.

    📌 Topics covered in this episode:

    • Panama's takeover of Chinese-operated ports • U.S. pressure on Peru's Chinese-built Chancay port • Trump's Western Hemisphere strategy toward China • Narrative battles and misinformation in Latin America • Trade ties that make decoupling from China difficult • Whether Beijing is waiting out U.S. political cycles

    Show Notes:

    • The China-Global South Project: The Paradox of Panama's "Rule of Law": Hutchison Ports vs. Minera Panama by Pedro Armada: https://tinyurl.com/4vcta4tw
    • The China-Global South Project: Panama and the New U.S. Strategy to Counter China in Latin America by Pedro Armada: https://tinyurl.com/msspbmbw

    Join the Discussion:

    X: @ChinaGSProject | @eric_olander

    Facebook: www.facebook.com/ChinaAfricaProject YouTube: www.youtube.com/@ChinaGlobalSouth

    Now on Bluesky! Follow CGSP at @chinagsproject.bsky.social

    Follow CGSP in French and Spanish:

    Join us on Patreon! Become a CGSP Patreon member and get all sorts of cool stuff, including our Week in Review report, an invitation to join monthly Zoom calls with Eric & Cobus, and even an awesome new CGSP Podcast mug! www.patreon.com/chinaglobalsouth

    25 February 2026, 6:28 am
  • 44 minutes 21 seconds
    How a Little-Known Chinese Company Conquered Africa's Cell Phone Market

    Shenzhen-based Transsion Holdings is now a massive Chinese technology company that few people outside of Africa and certain parts of Asia have heard of. Even in China, the brand, now the world's 5th-largest mobile phone producer, remains largely unknown.

    Transsion gained notoriety after it entered the African market in 2006. Back then, the world's largest phone brands all but ignored African consumers, selling low-end, late-model devices designed primarily for Western and Asian consumers.

    The Chinese company saw an opportunity and tweaked the software on its phones to optimize photos for darker skin tones, and added a suite of features like dual SIM cards, dustproofing, and longer battery life to sell sub-$100 phones to Africa's booming youth market. That formula worked, and the company's three brands, Tecno, Infinix, and iTel, have dominated the market for more than a decade.

    But little is known about how Transsion achieved its success in Africa. Lu Miao, an assistant professor at Lingnan University in Hong Kong, joins Eric & Cobus to lay out the company's strategy and why it was so effective in a market that others largely ignored.

    Purchase the book: The Transsion Approach: Translating Chinese Mobile Technology in Africa by Lu Miao: https://a.co/d/04AKaajZ

    📌 Topics covered in this episode:

    • Why rural-first strategy beat Silicon Valley-style scaling • How African distributors helped shape product design and marketing • The importance of dual SIM cards, long battery life, and localized features • The role of Carlcare repair centers in building long-term loyalty • The shift from feature phones to smartphones and rising competition • Growing patent lawsuits and the next phase of AI-driven competition

    Join the Discussion:

    X: @ChinaGSProject | @eric_olander

    Facebook: www.facebook.com/ChinaAfricaProject YouTube: www.youtube.com/@ChinaGlobalSouth

    Now on Bluesky! Follow CGSP at @chinagsproject.bsky.social

    Follow CGSP in French and Spanish:

    Join us on Patreon! Become a CGSP Patreon member and get all sorts of cool stuff, including our Week in Review report, an invitation to join monthly Zoom calls with Eric & Cobus, and even an awesome new CGSP Podcast mug! www.patreon.com/chinaglobalsouth

    24 February 2026, 4:20 am
  • 45 minutes 13 seconds
    US and China Take Divergent Paths in the New West Asia

    The United States and China are pursuing sharply different strategies in a region that is no longer best understood as the "Middle East," but as part of a broader Asian-centered geopolitical system historically described as "West Asia."

    This vast region stretches from countries along the Western Pacific and the Indian Ocean, all the way to the Eastern Mediterranean. While the U.S. remains the undisputed military hegemon in this theater, China is steadily becoming the indispensable economic power, providing access to vast pools of capital, new technology, and expanding trade.

    Mohammed Soliman, a senior fellow at the Middle East Institute and a director at the geopolitical advisory firm McLarty Associates, joins Eric from Washington, D.C., to discuss his new book that explores how the U.S., China, and other powers are adapting to this new expanded view of the Middle East known as "West Asia."

    Purchase the book: West Asia: A New American Grand Strategy in the Middle East by Mohammed Soliman

    📌 Topics covered in this episode:

    • Why the Middle East is increasingly being reframed as West Asia • China's quiet diplomatic outreach to Israel and the Palestinians • Surging Chinese trade and bank lending in the Gulf • The Asianization of Gulf economies through trade, energy, and demographics • Whether China will translate economic power into military presence • America's role as a resident security power with 50000 troops in the region • Why U.S. grand strategy may require doing more with less in West Asia • The India Middle East Europe Corridor and connectivity as instruments of power • AI compute infrastructure and the Gulf's post-oil transformation • Israel's evolving role in regional security architecture • How great power competition is reshaping alliances and coalitions • Whether values or interests will define the next phase of U.S. engagement

    Join the Discussion:

    X: @ChinaGSProject | @eric_olander

    Facebook: www.facebook.com/ChinaAfricaProject YouTube: www.youtube.com/@ChinaGlobalSouth

    Now on Bluesky! Follow CGSP at @chinagsproject.bsky.social

    Follow CGSP in French and Spanish:

    Join us on Patreon! Become a CGSP Patreon member and get all sorts of cool stuff, including our Week in Review report, an invitation to join monthly Zoom calls with Eric & Cobus, and even an awesome new CGSP Podcast mug! www.patreon.com/chinaglobalsouth

    17 February 2026, 4:49 am
  • 32 minutes 34 seconds
    The Development Finance Corporation and the US-China competition in the Global South

    When the U.S. Development Finance Corporation (DFC) was launched in 2019, a big part of its mandate from Congress was to counter China's Belt and Road Initiative. That sentiment was a key theme on Capitol Hill late last year during the DFC's Congressional reauthorization, when lawmakers from both parties made urgent appeals for the agency to do more to challenge China in the Global South.

    Congress nearly tripled the DRC's budget from $60 billion to $205 billion to be used over the next five years. While that is a substantial increase, it's just a small fraction of what Chinese entities spend each year on BRI projects.

    Karthik Sankaran and Dan Ford, researchers at the Quincy Institute in Washington, D.C., join Eric to discuss why they contend it's a bad idea for the DFC to compete head-on with China, rather than focus on its original mandate to build market capacity in poorer nations.

    📌 Topics covered in this episode:

    • The expanded mandate and six-year reauthorization of the US Development Finance Corporation • Why countering China now drives US development finance strategy • How the DFC compares with China's Belt and Road Initiative • The limits of development finance as a tool of great power competition • Critical minerals energy, and supply chains as DFC priorities • The Lobito Corridor and overlapping US-China interests • Why Global South countries resist choosing sides • How the DFC could compete more effectively by focusing on development

    Show Notes:

    Join the Discussion:

    X: @ChinaGSProject | @eric_olander

    Facebook: www.facebook.com/ChinaAfricaProject YouTube: www.youtube.com/@ChinaGlobalSouth

    Now on Bluesky! Follow CGSP at @chinagsproject.bsky.social

    Follow CGSP in French and Spanish:

    Join us on Patreon! Become a CGSP Patreon member and get all sorts of cool stuff, including our Week in Review report, an invitation to join monthly Zoom calls with Eric & Cobus, and even an awesome new CGSP Podcast mug! www.patreon.com/chinaglobalsouth

    10 February 2026, 3:29 am
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