Drs. Spencer and Karl Nadolsky talk about nutrition, medicine, and fitness through the lens of two physicians who lift weights. Both doctors are former NCAA division 1 wrestlers who have gone into medicine. Dr. Spencer Nadolsky is a board certified family physician specialized in obesity medicine and lipidology. Dr. Karl Nadolsky is a board certified endocrinologist also specialized in obesity medicine.
Takeaways
Excellence is not a standard but a process of becoming.
Involved engagement means caring deeply about what you do.
The pursuit of excellence shapes you into a better person.
Consistency is key to achieving long-term goals.
It's important to align your pursuits with your values.
Youth sports can be beneficial but also harmful if not approached correctly.
Weight loss should shift from a focus on numbers to health and well-being.
Building a diverse identity can help prevent burnout in athletes.
The transition out of sports can be challenging due to identity loss.
Enjoying the process is more fulfilling than the end goal.
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Key Episode Takeaways
Oral Wegovy is real, but it’s not “just a pill version of the shot.” Absorption rules, dosing schedules, and patient selection matter a lot more than most headlines suggest.
Switching from injections to oral GLP-1s requires a plan. The transition isn’t one-size-fits-all, and dose timing, GI tolerance, and expectations need to be managed carefully.
Weight regain after stopping GLP-1s is common, but not universal. SURMOUNT-4 data shows large variability, reinforcing that biology, not willpower, drives outcomes.
Maintenance matters as much as weight loss. Some patients need continued therapy at lower doses, while others may maintain with lifestyle plus strategic medication use.
Stopping abruptly is usually the worst approach. Gradual transitions and realistic long-term strategies reduce rebound weight gain.
GLP-1s are chronic disease tools, not short-term fixes. Treating obesity like hypertension or diabetes leads to better outcomes and fewer surprises.
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Takeaways:
Dietary guidelines have evolved since the 1980s.
The food pyramid was introduced in 1992 and has influenced public perception.
New dietary guidelines emphasize healthy fats but retain some old recommendations.
There are contradictions in the new guidelines regarding saturated fat and protein intake.
The definition of processed foods remains vague and controversial.
The guidelines are intended for healthcare professionals, not consumers.
Public policy needs to align with dietary guidelines for effective implementation.
The emphasis on real food is not a new concept in dietary guidelines.
There is skepticism about whether the new guidelines will lead to meaningful changes in public health.
The conversation around dietary guidelines is often politically charged.
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Takeaways:
Cortisol is essential for various bodily functions, especially during stress.
Adrenal glands have a circadian rhythm that affects cortisol production.
Cushing's syndrome can result from excess cortisol and has specific symptoms.
Diagnosis of adrenal disorders requires careful testing and consideration of symptoms.
Mild autonomous cortisol secretion can complicate diabetes management.
The Catalyst trial explored the effects of cortisol antagonism on diabetes.
Future research may focus on selective glucocorticoid receptor modulators.
Woolly mammoth studies provide insights into historical testosterone levels.
Understanding adrenal health is crucial for effective patient care.
Endocrinologists must navigate the complexities of hormone testing and treatment.
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Takeaways:
Slimmer's Paralysis is a recognized condition.
Ethical boundaries are crucial in patient relationships.
Medical professionals must maintain professionalism at all times.
Humor can sometimes arise in serious discussions.
Patient stories should always be handled with care.
The importance of clear communication in medical settings.
Understanding patient experiences is vital for effective care.
Ethics in medicine is a complex and nuanced topic.
Medical discussions can lead to unexpected topics.
Maintaining a professional demeanor is essential.
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Takeaways:
Drug transfer during lactation is complex and challenging.
Semaglutide was not detected in women taking any dose.
Low amounts of tears epitide were found in milk.
Tissue damage can affect drug absorption.
Mastitis and engorgement complicate the lactation process.
Injections are necessary for effective drug delivery.
The analogy of an elephant illustrates the difficulty of drug transfer.
Detection of drugs in milk is a critical concern for breastfeeding mothers.
Understanding turnover is essential in lactation studies.
The implications of drug transfer on women's health are significant.
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Takeaways:
Behavior change is a complex process that requires understanding motivation and discipline.
Motivation is not just a feeling; it's a psychological skill that can be developed.
Many common phrases about behavior change are misleading and oversimplified.
Exercise should be viewed as a choice rather than a habit that becomes automatic.
Self-efficacy is crucial for successful behavior change and can be built through mastery experiences.
Future self thinking can help individuals align their actions with their long-term goals.
It's important to lower barriers to entry for new behaviors to increase adherence.
Modeling healthy behaviors is essential for influencing children and adolescents.
The psychological definition of a habit differs from the colloquial use of the term.
Resources and support systems are vital for individuals looking to change their behaviors.
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Show Notes:
In this episode of Docs Who Lift, the Nadolsky brothers welcome back Dr. Sean Wharton, clinical trialist and one of the leading researchers behind the next generation of oral GLP-1 medications. Together, they break down:
The OASIS-4 trial results on 25mg oral semaglutide and how it stacks up to injectable Wegovy
How orforglipron, Eli Lilly’s new small-molecule GLP-1, differs from peptide-based drugs
Why these new therapies could make weight management more accessible and affordable
The fascinating pharmacology behind “snack molecules” and small-molecule receptor agonists
Common misconceptions about bioavailability, dosing, and side effects
The potential role of oral GLP-1s for patients with mild obesity or cardiometabolic disease
Whether you’re a clinician, researcher, or patient curious about the future of obesity medicine, this conversation offers a clear look at how science is shifting toward needle-free solutions.
Oasis 1 Trial Link
Oasis 4 Trial Link
Attain 1 Trial Link
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In this episode of Docs Who Lift, the Nadolsky brothers dive deep into the newly released American Association of Clinical Endocrinology (ACE) Algorithm for Obesity Care led by Dr. Karl himself. They explore:
Why ACE moved away from a BMI-only approach to a person-centered, complication-centric model
The new staging framework (ABCD) that helps individualize treatment intensity
How to interpret “clinical” vs “preclinical” obesity under the new model
Updated targets for clinically meaningful weight loss (5%, 10%, 15% tiers)
The emphasis on resistance training, sleep, and behavioral health alongside nutrition
Practical guidance for selecting anti-obesity medications and identifying the right therapy for each patient
Whether you’re a clinician, health professional, or patient trying to understand modern obesity care, this episode breaks it all down in a practical, real-world way without the jargon.
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Takeaways
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