Arthritis affects millions worldwide. 1 in 5 adults in the U.S suffer with it and many people assume it’s an inevitable part of aging. Bu what if you could reduce joint pain and inflammation through diet and lifestyle?

In this episode, Dr. Tamiko Katsumoto, Clinical Associate Professor at Stanford University, unpacks the science behind arthritis. She explains the key differences between osteoarthritis, caused by wear and tear on joints, and rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune condition where the immune system attacks healthy tissue. While there is no cure for arthritis, Tamiko reveals why chronic inflammation plays a central role - and how the modern diet is making things worse.

Tamiko shares evidence-based strategies to reduce inflammation naturally, including the best foods to support joint health and whether supplements and lifestyle changes can make a real difference.

If you or someone you know suffers from joint pain, this episode is packed with insights to help you take control of your health.

🥑 Make smarter food choices. Become a member at zoe.com - 10% off with code PODCAST

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Timecodes

00:00 Can you reverse arthritis?

03:35 What is arthritis?

05:10 How joints work

06:49 Signs of arthritis

11:31 Osteoarthritis explained

12:29 Rheumatoid arthritis explained

14:09 New treatments

15:00 How effective is medication?

15:59 Role of inflammation

20:26 Tamiko’s plant-based eating study

30:30 Can you feel your diet choices in your body?

34:20 Gut microbiome and arthritis

36:20 Does inflammation cause cancer? 

42:02 Is our diet causing disease?

44:00 Anti-inflammatory diet pattern

46:02 Foods to detoxify your body

48:23 Does oily fish help arthritis? 

50:05 The role of prebiotics

53:02 Are probiotic capsules worth it?

📚Books by our ZOE Scientists

The Food For Life Cookbook

Every Body Should Know This by Dr Federica Amati

Food For Life by Prof. Tim Spector

Free resources from ZOE

Live Healthier: Top 10 Tips From ZOE Science & Nutrition

Gut Guide - For a Healthier Microbiome in Weeks 

Mentioned in today's episode

A multidisciplinary lifestyle program for rheumatoid arthritis: the 'Plants for Joints' randomized controlled trial, 2023, published in Rheumatology

A multidisciplinary lifestyle program for metabolic syndrome-associated osteoarthritis: the "Plants for Joints" randomized controlled trial, 2023, published in Osteoarthritis and Cartilage

Gut-microbiota-targeted diets modulate human immune status, 2021, published in Cell

High-fiber diet associated with improved progression-free survival and response to immunotherapy in melanoma patients, 2021, published by MD Anderson

Have feedback or a topic you'd like us to cover? Let us know here.

Episode transcripts are available here.

Today we’re diving into coffee.

Most of us are greeted by its earthy aroma every single morning. It’s hot bitter taste signaling that the day has officially begun. Coffee is so ingrained into our daily routine we rarely pause to consider the effect of coffee on our health. 

So, what is coffee, a health-boosting elixir or just another guilty pleasure?

Coffee expert James Hoffmann joins us to explore one of the world's most popular drinks.

🥑 Make smarter food choices. Become a member a zoe.com - 10% off with code PODCAST

🌱 Try our new plant based wholefood supplement - Daily30+

*Naturally high in copper which contributes to normal energy yielding metabolism and the normal function of the immune system

📚 Books from our ZOE Scientists:

The Food For Life Cookbook by Prof. Tim Spector

Food For Life by Prof. Tim Spector

Every Body Should Know This by Dr Federica Amati

Free resources from ZOE:

Live Healthier: Top 10 Tips From ZOE Science & Nutrition 

Gut Guide - for a healthier microbiome in weeks

Have feedback or a topic you'd like us to cover? Let us know here

Listen to the full episode here

We spend so much time focusing on how exercise changes our bodies - burning calories, building muscle, shedding fat. What if the most important transformation is happening where you can’t see it? Hidden inside your skull, your brain is changing with every step, squat, and sprint.

Neuroscientist Dr. Wendy Suzuki has spent years uncovering how movement rewires the brain. As a professor at NYU and an expert in neuroplasticity, Wendy’s research reveals how aerobic exercise boosts memory, sharpens focus, and even builds a protective barrier against dementia.

In this episode, Wendy explains what happens inside your brain when you move, why it’s never too late to strengthen your mind, and the powerful ways exercise can slow brain aging. You’ll discover simple, science-backed habits - including her own brain-boosting routine - to help you stay mentally sharp for years to come.

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Timecodes

00:00 Introduction

02:35 Can you grow your brain?

05:05 Why we forget things

07:20 Emotions and memory

10:00 Does memory decline with age?

13:15 Early signs of Alzheimer’s

15:45 Can walking prevent dementia?

18:20 Does the brain shrink?

20:45 How stress harms your brain

23:50 A real, preserved human brain...

26:30 Why exercise boosts memory

29:15 Can adults grow new brain cells?

31:45 How daily movement improves memory

35:10 How much exercise do you need?

38:25 Best workouts for brain health

41:30 Nutrition, gut health, and memory

45:00 Do Blue Zone habits help?

48:10 A simple brain experiment

50:45 Wendy’s brain-boosting routine

📚Books by our ZOE Scientists

The Food For Life Cookbook

Every Body Should Know This by Dr Federica Amati

Food For Life by Prof. Tim Spector

Free resources from ZOE

Live Healthier: Top 10 Tips From ZOE Science & Nutrition

Gut Guide - For a Healthier Microbiome in Weeks 

Mentioned in today's episode

London taxi drivers and bus drivers: a structural MRI and neuropsychological analysis, 2006, published in Hippocampus

Bigger is better! Hippocampal volume and declarative memory performance in healthy young men, 2012, published in Brain Structure and Function

The effects of acute exercise on cognitive performance: a meta-analysis, 2012, published in Brain Research

The effect of acute aerobic exercise on positive activated affect: A meta-analysis, 2006, published in Psychology of Sport and Exercise

Have feedback or a topic you'd like us to cover? Let us know here.

Episode transcripts are available here.

Today we’re talking about intermittent fasting.

This form of time-restricted eating has been gaining significant popularity, with many people reporting positive effects after incorporating it into their daily routines. However, here at ZOE, we want to know what the science says about intermittent fasting.

Is it the real deal? Or just another fad?

I’m joined by Tim Spector and Gin Stephens to break down what intermittent fasting is, how it affects our bodies, and whether the scientific evidence supports it.

🥑 Make smarter food choices. Become a member a zoe.com - 10% off with code PODCAST

🌱 Try our new plant based wholefood supplement - Daily30+

*Naturally high in copper which contributes to normal energy yielding metabolism and the normal function of the immune system

📚 Books from our ZOE Scientists:

The Food For Life Cookbook by Prof. Tim Spector

Food For Life by Prof. Tim Spector

Every Body Should Know This by Dr Federica Amati

Free resources from ZOE:

Live Healthier: Top 10 Tips From ZOE Science & Nutrition 

Gut Guide - for a healthier microbiome in weeks

Have feedback or a topic you'd like us to cover? Let us know here

Listen to the full episode here

Midlife is often seen as a point of no return for health, but it could be the perfect moment to make a radical change. New research suggests that your gut microbiome holds the key to aging well, protecting you from chronic disease, and even reversing some of the damage from years of poor diet and stress.

Few people understand this better than Rich Roll, who went from an overweight, junk-food-addicted workaholic to one of the world’s fittest men - all after the age of 40. Now a plant-fuelled ultramarathoner and bestselling author, Rich shares the wake-up call that forced him to transform his life.

He’s joined by Professor Tim Spector, one of the world’s top 100 most cited scientists and professor of epidemiology at King’s College London, who explains why gut health becomes even more important as we age - and how small changes to diet, movement, and daily habits can have an outsized impact later in life.

🥑 Make smarter food choices. Become a member at zoe.com - 10% off with code PODCAST

🌱 Try our new plant based wholefood supplement - Daily 30+

*Naturally high in copper which contributes to normal energy yielding metabolism and the normal function of the immune system

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Timecodes

00:00 A life-changing health transformation

00:38 Overweight, exhausted, and stuck at 40

01:16 How ultra-processed food harms your body

02:08 Can you really transform your health at midlife?

03:18 The biggest myth about changing your health

05:10 From addiction to peak performance

08:40 What happens to the body on a fast food diet

10:26 Unexpected benefits of a plant-based diet

15:30 Gut microbes control more than you think

21:19 Gut health, mood, and mental clarity - what’s the link?

25:00 Does exercise improve your gut microbiome?

27:55 How movement increases your healthspan

30:12 Do elite athletes have better gut health?

32:45 Fuelling extreme endurance without meat

36:00 Tim’s #1 food for gut health

39:05 How to make small changes that actually stick

41:30 Why motivation is overrated—just start

45:00 The mindset shift that makes exercise easier

48:20 It’s never too late to take control of your health

📚Books by our ZOE Scientists

The Food For Life Cookbook

Every Body Should Know This by Dr Federica Amati

Food For Life by Prof. Tim Spector

Free resources from ZOE

Live Healthier: Top 10 Tips From ZOE Science & Nutrition

Gut Guide - For a Healthier Microbiome in Weeks 

Mentioned in today's episode

The anti-inflammatory effect of bacterial short chain fatty acids is partially mediated by endocannabinoids, 2021, published in Gut Microbes

Signatures of early frailty in the gut microbiota, 2016, published in Genome Medicine

Elevated Inflammatory Status and Increased Risk of Chronic Disease in Chronological Aging: Inflamm-aging or Inflamm-inactivity?, 2019, published in Aging and Disease

Heterochronic faecal transplantation boosts gut germinal centres in aged mice, 2019, published in Nature Communications

Have feedback or a topic you'd like us to cover? Let us know here.

Episode transcripts are available here.

Today we’re discussing fat.

It’s a word that carries a lot of weight. It’s a source of social judgment, a driver of insecurities and a tool exploited by companies in targeted marketing campaigns. It’s no surprise that a recent study found over 40% of people in the US have experienced some form of ‘fat-shaming’.

But do we really understand fat? What it does, how it forms and why its distribution changes as we age.

Prof. Sarah Berry and Prof. Deborah Clegg are here to help us answer some of these questions and change our perception of fat. Deborah Clegg is a professor and Vice President for Research at the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso. Sarah is Chief Scientist at ZOE and Professor at King’s College London. 

🥑 Make smarter food choices. Become a member a zoe.com - 10% off with code PODCAST

🌱 Try our new plant based wholefood supplement - Daily30+

*Naturally high in copper which contributes to normal energy yielding metabolism and the normal function of the immune system

📚 Books from our ZOE Scientists:

The Food For Life Cookbook by Prof. Tim Spector

Food For Life by Prof. Tim Spector

Every Body Should Know This by Dr Federica Amati

Free resources from ZOE:

Live Healthier: Top 10 Tips From ZOE Science & Nutrition 

Gut Guide - for a healthier microbiome in weeks

Have feedback or a topic you'd like us to cover? Let us know here

Listen to the full episode here

Only 12% of American adults are considered metabolically healthy - meaning the vast majority are at increased risk of heart disease, diabetes, and strokes. But what exactly is metabolism, and why does it matter so much for our health?

In this episode, bestselling author and health expert Shawn Stevenson joins world-renowned scientist Professor Tim Spector to break down the science of metabolism. They’ll debunk the myth of “metabolic rate” and explain why it’s not just about how fast you burn calories - but how your body processes and uses them.

You'll discover how poor sleep, stress, and ultra-processed foods are impacting your metabolic health - and how this sets the stage for weight gain and chronic disease. More importantly, Shawn and Tim will share the simple, science-backed habits that can improve your metabolism, from eating nutrient-dense foods to optimizing movement and sleep.

🥑 Make smarter food choices. Become a member at zoe.com - 10% off with code PODCAST

🌱 Try our new plant based wholefood supplement - Daily 30+

*Naturally high in copper which contributes to normal energy yielding metabolism and the normal function of the immune system

Follow ZOE on Instagram.

Timecodes

00:00 The truth about your metabolism

04:00 What metabolism actually is

07:30 How ultra-processed food slows metabolism

10:20 Why most people aren’t metabolically healthy

14:00 Food shapes your body’s energy system

18:40 Brain inflammation and metabolism

22:50 How processed food changes calorie burn

27:15 Chemicals in food and air affect health

30:40 Why ultra-processed food harms children most

34:10 How processed food makes us overeat

38:25 Artificial ingredients and gut health

42:10 Can mitochondria be ‘hacked’?

45:00 Poor sleep increases fat storage

48:15 The biggest mistake before bed

50:30 Why breakfast matters for metabolism

52:40 Foods that spike blood sugar

54:20 Tim Spector’s go-to breakfast

55:50 One simple swap to improve metabolism

📚Books by our ZOE Scientists

The Food For Life Cookbook

Every Body Should Know This by Dr Federica Amati

Food For Life by Prof. Tim Spector

Free resources from ZOE

Live Healthier: Top 10 Tips From ZOE Science & Nutrition

Gut Guide - For a Healthier Microbiome in Weeks 

Mentioned in today's episode

Examining Variations of Resting Metabolic Rate of Adults: A Public Health Perspective, 2013, published in Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 

Daily energy expenditure through the human life course, 2021, published in Science 

Postprandial energy expenditure in whole-food and processed-food meals: implications for daily energy expenditure, 2010, published in Food and Nutrition Research  

The Relationship between Sleep Duration and Metabolic Syndrome Severity Scores in Emerging Adults, 2023, published in Nutrients 

Have feedback or a topic you'd like us to cover? Let us know here.

Episode transcripts are available here.

Today we’re exploring what evolution can teach us about exercise.

When it comes to doing exercise, there’s often a tug-of-war between our body and brain. Our body craves movement - it wants to be leaner, fitter, stronger. But our brain? Well, that’s a different story. It often dreads the thought of going on a run or lifting weights and will try and find any excuse to avoid doing it.

So, why does this conflict exist, and more importantly, how can we overcome it?

Harvard Professor of Biological Sciences Daniel Lieberman is here to unravel the mysteries of our exercising ancestors and explain how this can help us train today.

🥑 Make smarter food choices. Become a member a zoe.com - 10% off with code PODCAST

🌱 Try our new plant based wholefood supplement - Daily30+

*Naturally high in copper which contributes to normal energy yielding metabolism and the normal function of the immune system

📚 Books from our ZOE Scientists:

The Food For Life Cookbook by Prof. Tim Spector

Food For Life by Prof. Tim Spector

Every Body Should Know This by Dr Federica Amati

Free resources from ZOE:

Live Healthier: Top 10 Tips From ZOE Science & Nutrition 

Gut Guide - for a healthier microbiome in weeks

Have feedback or a topic you'd like us to cover? Let us know here

Listen to the full episode here

Dementia is one of the fastest-growing health crises in the developed world, with cases expected to double in the coming decades. But despite common misconceptions, cognitive decline isn’t inevitable. The latest research shows that lifestyle choices play a far greater role in brain health than genetics alone.

In this episode, neurologists Drs. Ayesha and Dean Sherzai share practical, science-backed strategies to help you protect your brain and reduce your risk of dementia.

As co-directors of the Alzheimer’s Prevention Program at Loma Linda University, they’ve spent their careers studying how habits like diet, exercise, sleep, and stress management influence long-term cognitive health.

🥑 Make smarter food choices. Become a member at zoe.com - 10% off with code PODCAST

🌱 Try our new plant based wholefood supplement - Daily 30+

*Naturally high in copper which contributes to normal energy yielding metabolism and the normal function of the immune system

Follow ZOE on Instagram.

Timecodes

00:00 Meet the brain doctors fighting dementia

01:04 Parents have dementia – are you doomed?

02:00 Can dementia be reversed?

02:25 Five lifestyle changes to prevent Alzheimer’s

06:07 What is dementia vs. Alzheimer’s?

08:50 Are your genes to blame?

12:49 Dementia starts 20+ years before diagnosis

14:10 Four biggest causes of Alzheimer’s

19:04 How to build brain reserve & stay sharp

22:50 Are dementia rates rising or falling?

25:30 How the brain declines over decades

29:00 This diet cuts Alzheimer’s risk by 53%

32:40 Three nutrients your brain can’t live without

38:15 The surprising link between LDL cholesterol & dementia

44:10 Leg workouts slash dementia risk by 35%

46:20 Why strength training is critical for brain health

50:36 How stress shrinks your brain

54:00 Sleep: The brain’s natural detox

📚Books by our ZOE Scientists

The Food For Life Cookbook

Every Body Should Know This by Dr Federica Amati

Food For Life by Prof. Tim Spector

Free resources from ZOE

Live Healthier: Top 10 Tips From ZOE Science & Nutrition

Gut Guide - For a Healthier Microbiome in Weeks 

Mentioned in today's episode

Association of Lifestyle and Genetic Risk With Incidence of Dementia, 2019, published in JAMA

Dementia statistics, published by Alzheimer's Disease International (ADI) 

World Alzheimer Report 2015 - The Global Impact of Dementia, published by Alzheimer's Disease International (ADI) 

Midlife serum cholesterol and increased risk of Alzheimer's and vascular dementia three decades later, 2009, published in Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 

Have feedback or a topic you'd like us to cover? Let us know here.

Episode transcripts are available here.

Today, we’re putting the spotlight on our brains.

As we age certain behaviours often become more noticeable - misplacing keys, struggling to recall names or forgetting why you walked into a room. Most of us have likely seen this happen to someone close to us and may have even seen these patterns develop into more serious conditions like dementia.

But are these behaviours just an inevitable part of getting older? Or is there something we can do to prevent them?

Dr William Li is here to outline the connection between our lifestyle and the health of our brain.

🥑 Make smarter food choices. Become a member a zoe.com - 10% off with code PODCAST

🌱 Try our new plant based wholefood supplement - Daily30+

*Naturally high in copper which contributes to normal energy yielding metabolism and the normal function of the immune system

📚 Books from our ZOE Scientists:

The Food For Life Cookbook by Prof. Tim Spector

Food For Life by Prof. Tim Spector

Every Body Should Know This by Dr Federica Amati

Free resources from ZOE:

Live Healthier: Top 10 Tips From ZOE Science & Nutrition 

Gut Guide - for a healthier microbiome in weeks

Have feedback or a topic you'd like us to cover? Let us know here

Listen to the full episode here

How old are you? A better question might be: how old do you feel? While your birthday says one thing, your biological age—the health of your cells—might tell a very different story. And here’s the best part: unlike your chronological age, your biological age can go down.

But how? For years, fasting has been celebrated as a key to longevity. Yet the challenge of skipping meals is enough to make most of us shy away. What if you could trick your body into reaping the rewards of fasting—without starving yourself? 

This week, we’re joined by Dr. Valter Longo, Director of the Longevity Institute at USC and one of TIME’s 50 most influential people in healthcare. Valter’s groundbreaking research on ageing and his FMD program have transformed how we think about health and longevity. Joining him is Tim Spector, ZOE’s co-founder and one of the world’s top 100 most-cited scientists.

🥑 Make smarter food choices. Become a member at zoe.com - 10% off with code PODCAST

🌱 Try our new plant based wholefood supplement - Daily 30+

*Naturally high in copper which contributes to normal energy yielding metabolism and the normal function of the immune system

Follow ZOE on Instagram.

Timecodes:

00:00 Dr. Valter Longo on fasting and biological age reversal

01:18 Quickfire questions: Can fasting slow aging?

02:29 Surprising discoveries about rejuvenating the body

03:39 The difference between chronological and biological age

05:20 Can a single gene mutation extend lifespan?

06:29 What twins teach us about aging and longevity

08:19 Are biological age tests reliable?

10:27 Dr. Longo explains the fasting mimicking diet

12:43 Can fasting help regenerate damaged organs?

15:42 The science behind nutrient sensing and aging

18:19 Why does your body shift into "maintenance mode" during fasting?

22:04 Genetics vs. lifestyle: Which impacts aging more?

24:24 The role of fasting in longevity: Insights from lab studies

28:30 Time-restricted eating: What’s the ideal fasting window?

31:16 Does extreme fasting increase long-term health risks?

35:52 The fasting mimicking diet: How it works

41:07 Long-term studies on fasting: What’s next for science?

45:41 Reversing kidney damage with fasting research

47:10 Can a fasting protocol improve biological age by years?

55:08 Is a holistic approach to diet and fasting the key to longevity?

📚Books by our ZOE Scientists

The Food For Life Cookbook

Every Body Should Know This by Dr Federica Amati

Food For Life by Prof. Tim Spector

Free resources from ZOE

Live Healthier: Top 10 Tips From ZOE Science & Nutrition

Gut Guide - For a Healthier Microbiome in Weeks 

Studies references in today’s episode

Programmed longevity, youthspan, and juventology, 2018, published in Aging Cell 

Yeast Chronological Lifespan: Longevity Regulatory Genes and Mechanisms, 2022, published in Cells 

Chronological Aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 2012, published in Subcell Biochemistry

Low protein intake is associated with a major reduction in IGF-1, cancer, and overall mortality in the 65 and younger but not older population, 2014, published in Cell Metabolism 

Growth Hormone Receptor Deficiency is Associated With a Major Reduction in Pro-aging Signaling, Cancer and Diabetes in Humans, 2012, published in Science Translational Medicine 

Have feedback or a topic you'd like us to cover? Let us know here.

Episode transcripts are available here.