SciShow Tangents is the lightly competitive knowledge showcase from the geniuses behind the YouTube series SciShow. Every other Tuesday, join Hank Green, Ceri Riley, and Sam Schultz as they try to one-up and amaze each other with weird and funny scientific research... while not getting distracted. There will be tangents about video games, music, weird smells, surprisingly deep insights about life, and of course, poop, but it always comes back to the science.
Woo boy! It's hot out there, why don't ya grab a nice glass of ice cold lemonade and listen in on everything you did and didn't want to learn about sweat. Are humans the sweatiest of them all? Do fish sweat? What lives in the ecosystem between two people holding hands for the first time? What is it all even for!??
SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces!
Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!
And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!
Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions!
Sources:
[Truth or Fail]
Sweat sucking spiders supplementing salts
Polar bears follow sweaty paw paths in search for love
A new bacteria-infecting cure for extra stinky sweaty feet
[Trivia Question]
NASA’s ECOSTRESS measures evapotranspiration aka plant sweating
https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/watching-plants-water-use-is-no-sweat-for-ecostress
[Fact Off]
Charles Blagden experiments with “super-sauna” that cooked steak but made humans sweat
https://publicdomainreview.org/collection/experiments-and-observations-in-a-heated-room-1774/
https://www.jstor.org/stable/106218?seq=1
https://royalsociety.org/about-us/who-we-are/history/
Antiperspirant made with propylene glycol that evaporates your sweat before it leaves the ducts
[Ask the Science Couch]
Non-water stuff in eccrine sweat (salt, urea, hormones, etc.)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6773238/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12817713/
https://www.penn.museum/sites/bulletin/1733/
https://ontarioarchaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/oa048-02_macdonald.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5941775/
Patreon bonus: Effects of stress/emotion on sweat composition and smell
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-2494.2007.00387.x
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9518869/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9246182/
[Butt One More Thing]
Treating hyperhidrosis in the perianal region with botox
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8436621/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11172190/
This summer's hottest North American bug is without question, the cicada. They've got everything: neon-colored wing veins, bendy-straw-style exoskeletons, an insatiable thirst for tree goo, and after 17 years of napping, they're bursting out of the ground ready to par-tay!
SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces!
Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscriber Garth Riley for helping to make the show possible!
And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!
Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions!
While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen
[This or That: Cicadas or the Beatles]
https://www.science.org/content/article/secret-cicadas-chirp
https://cicadas.uconn.edu/behavior/
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/698019
Algorithm to measure song changes over time
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/500262
https://www.science.org/content/article/computer-charts-evolution-beatles
Test signals in fiber optic cables
https://academic.oup.com/jinsectscience/article/23/6/3/7425398?login=false
Female flies responding to songs
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4932889/
https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/science/cicadas-are-the-barry-white-of-the-insect-world/
Eroom’s Law principle related to drug development
https://www.science.org/content/blog-post/eroom-s-law
https://iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bmb.21617
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eroom%27s_law
[Trivia Question]
Bird hunting caterpillars on emergence and non-emergence years
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adi7426
https://www.vox.com/down-to-earth/24148209/cicadas-2024-periodical-brood-eat-ecosystem-impact
[Fact Off]
Brown bears digging up cicada nymphs in Japanese human-planted forests
https://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace/handle/2115/86161
https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/10.1139/cjz-2020-0222
https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ecy.4266
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1036064
Cicadas pee in a very mammal-like stream
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-cicadas-power-spray-their-pee/
[Ask the Science Couch]
Cicada sound production using the tymbal, stridulation, or wing impacts
https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_4279
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0118554
Patreon bonus: Periodical cicadas emerge after 13 or 17 (prime numbers) years
https://www.jstor.org/stable/2406585
https://www.livescience.com/14238-southern-cicadas-emerge-exact-prime-number-cycles.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2690011/
[Butt One More Thing]
Cicada nymph anal liquid is adhesive and mucus-like
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0044523104700686
It wouldn't be Pride at Tangents if we weren't getting into some science! We're joined by Owen Ever and Laine Kaplan-Levenson, the hosts of a new show from news outlet Canadaland called "Field Guide to Gay Animals." Our conversation ranged far and wide across a myriad of ways queerness is expressed in the animal world and the challenges and joys of studying it.
SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces!
Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscriber Garth Riley for helping to make the show possible!
And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!
Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions!
While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen
Sources:
[Truth or Fail Express]
Sequentially hermaphroditic shrimp
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0218238
Nudibranch with male and female sex organs
https://www.livescience.com/27065-sea-slug-uses-disposable-penis.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3639767/
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10164-018-0562-z?wt
Sparrows with white or tan stripes and functionally four genders
https://www.audubon.org/news/the-fascinating-and-complicated-sex-lives-white-throated-sparrows
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7725849/
[This or That: Bird or Bug?]
Male-male duo that dances together to attract a mate (blue-backed manakin)
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51171525#page/225/mode/1up
https://academic.oup.com/beheco/article/18/1/21/209396
Male-male pair that takes over a male-female pair’s nest (Japanese termites)
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/680968
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0003347216301233
Mating-related injuries on both male and female specimens (dragonflies)
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16252041#page/48/mode/1up
[Ask the Science Couch]
History of sexual diversity in animals documented or not in zoology (e.g. Adelie penguins)
https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/195/1/1/6568055
https://www.penguinscience.com/reprints/10%20Russell.pdf
[Butt One More Thing]
Aristotle’s History of Animals mentions female pigeons laying wind-eggs after same-sex sexual behavior
https://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/history_anim.6.vi.html
https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/found-an-egg-with-no-yolk
It's all right there on the tin - this episode is BANANAS. And not just because we have the most guests we've ever had in Tangents history. Not even just because one of them is a super special surprise RETURN friend of the pod. And not even because we check out some flowers that are way more uncomfortable to look at than you think. No, this episode is bananas because we're talking about (you guessed it) bananas!
SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces!
Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!
And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!
Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces!
Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!
And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!
Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions!
[Truth or Fail Express]
Banana peel pasta
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844022023325
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/08/220809141224.htm
Banana peel perfume adherent
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360132323007679
Banana peel water filtration
https://www.livescience.com/13276-banana-peels-filter-toxic-metals.html
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/ie101499e
[This or That: Yellow or Not Yellow?]
Banana fiddler crab
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00265-020-02899-w
Image: https://www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/753425
Image: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Austruca_mjoebergi_coenobita.jpg
Banana galaxies
https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.15232
Nokia 8110 aka the “banana phone”
https://www.mobilephonemuseum.com/phone-detail/nokia-8110
https://www.mobilephonemuseum.com/phone-detail/hmd-global-nokia-8110-4g
Image: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nokia_8110.jpg
Image of 4G: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nokia_8110_4G.png
[Ask the Science Couch]
Commercial banana cultivar genetics and Fusarium wilt or other disease risks
https://academic.oup.com/jxb/article-abstract/4/1/87/588827
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0154448
https://journals.ashs.org/horttech/view/journals/horttech/31/6/article-p838.xml
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-017-01670-6
[Butt One More Thing]
Honey bee alarm pheromones contain the banana flavor isoamyl acetate
https://www.nature.com/articles/1951018b0
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2017.2653
It may seem like cloning really only shows up regularly in science fiction, but it turns out, it's been a sneaky, significant real-world process for a super long time! In this episode we learn about cloning found in nature, labs, and...this very podcast??
SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces!
Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!
And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!
Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions!
[Truth or Fail]
Crayfish that’s been cloning itself might help us study prion diseases
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/05/science/mutant-crayfish-clones-europe.html
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/904708
Scientists envision a new insect repellant while cloning hemlock trees
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/801445
Athlete’s foot fungus rejects sex for cloning
https://today.duke.edu/2018/02/toenail-fungus-gives-sex-infect-human-hosts
https://academic.oup.com/genetics/article/208/4/1657/6084243
https://gizmodo.com/the-fungi-that-cause-athletes-foot-have-given-up-on-sex-1823265768
[Trivia Question]
First cloned cat, which was named Copy Cat
https://vetmed.tamu.edu/news/press-releases/texas-am-says-goodbye-to-cc-worlds-first-cloned-cat/
https://www.npr.org/2020/03/08/813384347/remembering-cc-the-cloned-cat
[Fact Off]
Electric ant queens and males sexually reproduce but actually like two different clonal species
A 34-member “twin study” with Amazon molly fish clones
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1009151
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-43069-6
https://phys.org/news/2021-02-defeating-enemy-evolution-clone-fish.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4919929/
https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/twins-study/about/
[Ask the Science Couch]
Cross-species cloning and back-breeding as de-extinction strategies
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK223960/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4157387/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC521203/
https://lsspjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/2195-7819-10-3
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/article/species-revival-bringing-back-extinct-animals
[Butt One More Thing]
Portuguese man o’ war is a colony of zooid clones, including gastrozooids for digesting (and maybe pooping)
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-51842-1
https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/portuguese-man-o-war.html
Humanity is bound together by so many qualities, and in this episode, we add Being Goopy to the list. What does that have to do with glue? A whole lot, it turns out - cue some ominous foreshadowing....Memento goopy!
SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces!
Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!
And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!
Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions!
[Secret Ingredient]
Fibers mixed with water to make adhesive
https://academic.oup.com/pnasnexus/article/1/1/pgac026/6549457
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/945194
Adhesive inspired by animal protein
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/945194
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacs.1c10936
Chinese bricks made with gluey substance
https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/chinese-architecture
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/eem2.12143
[Trivia Question]
Year that the first adhesive stamp Penny Black was mailed
https://www.sothebys.com/en/articles/how-a-single-postage-stamp-birthed-the-information-age
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/first-piece-of-mail-sent-using-a-stamp-auction-180983619/
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/the-story-of-the-first-postage-stamp-14931961/
[Fact Off]
Reversible glue made with caffeic acid exposed to certain UV light wavelengths
Blood albumin glue used in plywood and pre-plastic resin objects
https://extension.purdue.edu/extmedia/FNR/FNR-154.pdf
https://foodeng.wisc.edu/images/publications/2010-9.pdf
https://plastiquarian.com/?page_id=14216
[Ask the Science Couch]
How glue adhesion/cohesion works and why glue (sometimes) doesn’t cure in the bottle
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01182#
https://www.uhu.com/en-en/glue-advice/adhesive-types
https://d-lab.mit.edu/sites/default/files/inline-files/D-Lab_Learn-It_Adhesives_Jul13.pdf
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0143749618300575
https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/CT07137
[Butt One More Thing]
Fibrin glue used to help seal anal fistulas
We do a lot of learning on Tangents, so naturally, we've got questions about what learning looks like...for machines! AI and machine learning science communicator Jordan Harrod (https://www.youtube.com/@jordanharrod) lends her expertise to this episode as we definitely for sure learn all there is to know and will ever need to be known about machine learning, algorithms, and AI. Definitely we got all of it, everyone.
SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces!
Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!
And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!
Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions!
[Truth or Fail Express]
Racoon-inspired algorithm
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8552661
Dolphin-inspired algorithm
Pelican-inspired algorithm
[Trivia Question]
Using machine learning to measure plant vibration and sounds when they experience stress
https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(23)00262-3
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/plants-make-noises-when-stressed-study-finds-180981920/
[Fact Off]
Lenna (an image of a Playboy model) used as the standard for digital image processing
https://www.404media.co/lena-test-image-ieee-policy/
Tricking speech recognition systems with “neural voice camouflage”
https://www.engineering.columbia.edu/news/block-smartphone-microphone-speech-recognition-spying
https://web.stanford.edu/~jurafsky/slp3/16.pdf
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2112.07076.pdf
https://gizmodo.com/these-academics-spent-the-last-year-testing-whether-you-1826961188
[Ask the Science Couch]
AI image generator mistakes (hands, feet, teeth) and how they work (diffusion models)
https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/pranavdixit/ai-generated-art-hands-fingers-messed-up
https://hai.stanford.edu/news/what-dall-e-reveals-about-human-creativity
https://proceedings.mlr.press/v37/sohl-dickstein15.pdf
[Butt One More Thing]
Training machine learning models (convolutional neural networks) to classify poop images
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1903.10578.pdf
https://journals.lww.com/ajg/abstract/2022/07000/a_smartphone_application_using_artificial.24.aspx
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33275399/
Anal Recognition Paper
Devotees of the testudines rejoice! Whether you have one as a pet, admire them at the zoo, or giggle with the rest of the internet when they rock each other off logs, chances are high, we think, that you like turtles. We like turtles! And conveniently for us, turtle science is also extremely cool, so this was basically an ideal episode to make. Enjoy!
SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces!
Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you’ll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!
And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!
Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions!
[Truth or Fail]
Fossilized turtle poop showing green algae feast site
https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/995472
https://www.science.org/content/article/sea-turtles-have-3000-year-old-routines
Crushing of fossilized turtle shells shows burial site age
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/26/science/turtle-shells-fossils-paleontology.html
Turtle fossil was actually a plant fossil
[Trivia Question]
Speed of a sand-digging robot modeled after a turtle hatchling
https://today.ucsd.edu/story/bot-inspired-by-baby-turtles-can-swim-under-the-sand-1
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/aisy.202200404
[Fact Off]
Chinese soft-shelled turtles (basically) pee out their mouths
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/10/121011090643.htm
https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/aohc/63/2/63_2_181/_article
Microplastics in sand mess with sea turtle sex ratios
[Ask the Science Couch]
Turtle communication and vocalization
https://anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ar.24553
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-14356-3
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-33741-8 https://gizmodo.com/jurassic-parks-dinosaur-sound-effects-were-actually-ani-5994278
https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2023/01/06/turtles-eat-south-america/
[Butt One More Thing]
Collecting loggerhead sea turtle fecal samples by making them custom swimsuits
https://www.uq.edu.au/news/article/2015/10/sea-turtles-don-swimsuits-science
Pictures:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/37175871@N06/albums/72157659326105212/
Your feedback is valuable to us. Should you encounter any bugs, glitches, lack of functionality or other problems, please email us on [email protected] or join Moon.FM Telegram Group where you can talk directly to the dev team who are happy to answer any queries.