We begin season 8 of Zoo Logic with a frank conversation with Dr. Jason Bruck and Billy Hurley about the proper role of accreditation organizations, as well as, their limitations.  When an accredited institution stumbles or allegations of poor animal well-being are made, what is the responsibility of accrediting bodies to investigate, act, and inform its members and the public as to its findings and remedies? Where is the dividing line between a professional trade organization's responsibilities to ensure adherence to its standards and guidelines and the government's legal authority to act to address animal well-being concerns?  In an age when news, information, and especially, opinions are instantly expressed on social and traditional media, how should professionals or members of the public effectively respond to animal welfare concerns so as to not make matters worse for the animals or the front line staff doing their best to care for them?

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First time author Christine Mott has a forthcoming children's book entitled, Free Bird: Flaco the Owl's Dreams Take Flight by Lantern Publishing. The story for kids ages 4 to 8 is based on upon actual events surrounding the Eurasian Eagle Owl that escaped from the Central Park Zoo. The story enthralled people from around the globe as Flaco was recorded across Central Park for over a year before his untimely death. As an attorney Christine also describes her advocacy work on behalf of animals.

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While most North American zoological parks are still weeks away from the start of their summer high season, a few desert southwest facilities are already deep into their peak season. Wildlife World Zoo, Aquarium and Safari Park president Kristy Hayden returns to discuss the latest additions to their collection including a baby giraffe and an all new tiger habitat. As important as these megafauna are, Kristy insists it is important to look at animal welfare for all their species, especially as the zoo addresses some of the older original portions of the facility. Standards are different from the zoo's earliest days more than 40 years ago and it is important to keep up with those changes with improved construction materials and better designs, especially in a desert climate. Plus, we discuss the looming veterinary crisis with declining numbers of large animal clinicians entering the field with Dr. Dani Revers.

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Kristi Gravrock is a long time animal trainer having worked with dogs, horses, orcas, cats, dolphins and more. Her passion for training goes back to her early childhood pets before her first horse. Today, when she isn't competing in dressage, she uses her decades of experience with zoological species to train service dogs and mini horses.  While there are many similarities to training dolphins for swim programs and dogs or minis for hospital and nursing home visits, one key difference is the people involved. According to Kristi, unlike working in a zoo environment with other trainers, most lay people react unpredictably around animals  and don't know much about training.  So to be successful in the service animal space visiting people who are often frail with serious health issues, animals must be extremely well desensitized to the unexpected. This emphasis on desensitization is particularly important working with prey species like equines.

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It's our second installment talking with the management team at New England Aquarium following our recent three-day onsite visit with the pinniped and penguin department. With so much institutional and operant conditioning change affecting not only the animals' overall management through greater training and enrichment, but the employees' work experiences and responsibilities, how are the aquarium's leaders helping their teams adjust and thrive? We talk with Associate Curators, Patty Leonard and Eric Fox along with managers, Rebekah Miller and Diana Major.

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We are on location at the New England Aquarium talking with long time animal trainer and curator of pinnipeds and penguins, Kristen McMahon. Under her guidance, this unique department has successfully blended animal care providers from different taxa into one productive training team which has improved the social well-being of all the animals. Kristen discusses the aquarium's focus not only on improving animal welfare and training efficiency, but also the work-life balance for all employees.

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Since he was a young boy, KONG company founder, Joe Markham has been fascinated with animals of every kind. He credits his German Shepherd, Fritz with providing him long ago the inspiration for the famous beehive shaped pet toy. His latest venture petKORE.com is a labor of love to produce training and enrichment devices suitable for underserved zoo, aquarium, equine and farm species. Joining in the conversation about the challenges of developing larger natural rubber based toys for exotic species is long time animal trainer, Chuck Tompkins. According to Joe, making one of anything is relatively easy....and expensive. The key to manufacturing success is being able to produce many, efficiently and at a reasonable price that customers can afford. To that end Joe has spearheaded new technology and rubber blends to make larger products possible. With the initial enrichment products available now, Joe is excited to see how animal professionals will utilize these items in unique and creative ways for the well being of all animals.

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The new U.S. administration has put forth a slew of federal employee firings, funding freezes and cancellations, and agency reprioritizations since assuming office barely 1 month ago. One of the most notable moves has been the dismantling of USAID and a funding pause or in some instances, the elimination of the agency's projects to feed, educate, and/ or medically treat vulnerable communities around the globe. However, it's not just humans that will feel the effects of this humanitarian funding gap. Unknown to many, USAID also supports sustainable use, wildlife conservation, and habitat preservation efforts as well. While the agency's budget was nearly $60 billion, the monies dedicated to conservation totaled less than $400 million--a sizable amount for most taxpayers, but a literal drop in the bucket for the US government's yearly budget. Ashoka Mukpo, staff writer for Mongabay.com, an independent media organization reporting on Nature and planetary challenges, examines the immediate and downstream effects of this globally significant funding loss to international conservation groups working in the field to enable humans and animals to co-exist.

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The Mississippi Aquarium in Gulfport recently announced the successful hatching of 2 endangered black-footed penguins. As a newer facility in a medium sized city, President and CEO Kurt Allen returns to discuss the State's historic hatchlings, the challenges of meeting public and financial expectations, and the importance of remaining adaptable to meet customer needs.

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The zoological community lost an important colleague recently with the passing of Jeff Andrews. First a long-time orca trainer and curator for SeaWorld, Jeff eventually took his talents to the terrestrial side to manage elephants.  Not satisfied with the status quo of elephant management at that time, which was largely based on establishing a dominance hierarchy through punishment with the trainer as the leader, Jeff adapted the skills he learned using positive reinforcement with orcas and applied them to elephants.  As with any credible data-driven challenge to the way things are done, Jeff delighted in the flak he often received from the elephant management establishment. Two of the people that knew Jeff best during the industry's transformation from free to protected contact, Erin Ivory and Thad Lacinak share memories of Jeff's contributions to improving animal welfare.

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With a new administration and one party control of both houses in Congress,  the impact on animal-related legislation, facility oversight, and code enforcement is likely to change from the previous administration. Tom Albert, government affairs consultant for the Zoological Association of America discusses the differing historical perspectives of the two major political parties on the role of zoos as well as steps professionals can take to help garner more bipartisan support for the work of zoos and aquariums at home and globally.

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